Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The common term for a cerebrovascular accident is ________.
|
stroke
|
|
Most cases of stroke are due to ___________ or ____________.
|
embolism, spontaneous/massive hemorrhage
|
|
What are the three categories of CVAs?
|
1. infarcts
2. intraparenchymal hemorrhages 3. subarachnoid hemorrhages |
|
List some focal symptoms of a stroke. How about generalized symptoms.
|
focal: paralysis, sensory loss, speech deficits
generalized: headache, vomiting, and coma |
|
_________ refers to necrosis of tissue secondary to ischemia or hypoxia.
|
infarct
|
|
Cerebral emboli are commonly the result of _______ or ________ vessel thrombi.
|
carotid, cerebral
|
|
An occlusion of a vessel in situ is called ________.
|
thrombosis
|
|
What is present between endothelial cells in the brain that restricts the movement of water and small molecule
|
tight junctions
|
|
Transient hemiparesis or loss of speech prior to a stroke are called ______________.
|
transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
|
|
True or false: Only a small percentage of patients will die following massive hypertensive hemorrhage.
|
false
|
|
What is the most common cause of nontraumatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage?
|
hypertension
|
|
True or false: Hypertensive hemorrhages occur just as often at night as they do during times of physical stress.
|
true
|
|
Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is most commonly due to rupture of a ___________.
|
saccular aneurysm
|
|
Where are 90% of all aneurysms are found?
|
the anterior portion of the arterial circle (of Willis)
|
|
True or false: The cause of saccular aneurysms is mostly unknown.
|
true
|
|
What kind of tumor can an aneurysm mimic?
|
pituitary tumor
|
|
Leakage of blood from aneurysms into the subarachnoid space sometimes cause severe _________ of other vessels.
|
spasm
|
|
___________ refers to a pathologic process whereby an organ/tissue or structure is displaced from its normal position into another location.
|
herniation
|
|
What is the name of the structure through which the spinal cord protrudes?
|
the foramen magnum
|
|
How does hemorrhage into the brainstem cause death?
|
knocks out cardiac and respiratory center
|
|
What two types of herniations did we discuss in class?
|
parahippocampal/uncal herniation and cerebellar tonsilar herniation
|
|
What type of hemorrhage represents one of the most acute medical emergencies?
|
epidural hemorrhage
|
|
One sign that a patient has had an epidural hemorrhage is a fixed pupil on the ________ side of the hemorrhage.
|
ipsilateral
|
|
What are the three types of subdural hematoma?
|
1. acute 2. subactue 3. chronic
|