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84 Cards in this Set
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Cholinergic Agonists
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Teens Pile in Bethany's Chevy Car someWhere
Nicotine Pilo Bethan Ceve Carb Vare Bethanechol Pilocarpine Cevimiline Carbachol Nicotine Varemidine (chantix) |
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Cholinesterase Inhibitors
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EdroNeoPhysoEchoOrgo2-PAM- DONE! (say it fast)
Edropium Neostigmine Physostigmine Organophosphate Pesticides Echothiophate Donepazil 2-PAM |
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Cholinergic Antagonists
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Scopolamine
Tolterodine (Detrol) Solfenacin (Versican) Glycopyrolate (Robinul) Oxybutymin Dicyclomine (Bentyl0 Ipratroprium (atrovent) Tropicamide (Mydriacil) Diphenoxylate-atropine (lomotil) |
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Non Depolarizing Muscle Block
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D-uronium
D-Tubocurarine Pancuronium Vecuronium Cisatracurim Rocuronium |
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Depolarizing Muscle Block
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Succinylcholine
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Ganglion Blockers
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Mecamylamine (inversine)
Hexamethonium |
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alpha blocker
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phentolamine
phenoxybenzamine (dibenzylene) |
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A1 blocker
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Prazoisn (minipress)
Tamsulosin (flomax) |
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A2 blocker
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Yohimbine
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B blocker
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Propanolol
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Beta 1 blocker
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B-Men
Metaprolol (lopressor) Esmolol (brevibloc) Betaxolol (betoptic) Nebivolol (Bystolic) |
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Beta Blocker W/ Intrinsic Sympathetic Activity
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PinAce (Penis, sympathetic, pfffff)
Pindolol Acebutolol |
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A,B combo blocker
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ABs=Core (muscles)
Carvedilol (Coreg) |
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Neurotransmitter release inhibitors
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Guanetheline
Reserpine |
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Catecholamines
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Epi, NOrepi, Isoproterol
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A1 agonists
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Phenylephrine
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) |
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A2 Agonists
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A2=Clone of A
Clonadine (Catapress) Apriclonidine (Iopidine) |
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B1 Agonist
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Dobutamine (dobutrex)
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B2 Agonist
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Alberuterol
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Other Adrenergic Stimulants
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Ephedrine
Amphetamine Methylphenidate-Ritalin Cocaine Tyramine |
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DA agonists
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Dopamine
Fenodopam |
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Bethanechol (urecholine)
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M-Cholinergic Agonist
increase bowel and bladder motility urinary retention drug Bath=Bowel and Bladder (no Brains) |
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Pilocarpine (pilocar)
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M-cholinergic agonist
increase saliva and sweat(excessive) BBB, Eye- cycloplegia. S&S. Erector Pili next to sweat glands, then, of course you lick the sweat. |
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Cevimelin (evoxac)
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M3- cholinergic agonist
increase sweat/saliva Sjogrens Dry mouth- less effect on sweat gland New York Jew "Sjogren" taking the Civeme-line train downtown. |
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Carbachol
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M+N Cholinergic Agonist
Closest to ACh, doesn't cross BBB effects both pre-post terminals |
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Nicotine
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Nicotinic-Direct activation
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic action Rapid desensitization of receptor- no secondary response shortly after Poisoning a lot like Organophosphate Low dose= alertness/attention High dose= vomiting, tremors |
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Varemicline (chantix)
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Nicotine partial agonist- decreases effects
Stop smoking drug Nightmare farts |
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Edrophonium
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Cholinesterase inhibitor
Used to diagnose myasthenia gravis quick acting can reverse NeuroMuscular Block |
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Physostimin
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Cholinesterase inhibitor
Could be used for glaucoma-won't be CNS side effects EYE! So stick me! |
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Echothiophate
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Cholinesterase inhibitor
Organophosphate SLUDGE symptoms= poisoning Eco-Phate (name says Organophosphate in it) |
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Organophosphate pesticides
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Cholinesterase inhibitors
SLUDGE -2 PAM Atropine |
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Donepezil
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Cholinesterase inhibitor
Alzheimers Similar to physostygmine Alzheimers pts are almost DONE! |
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Scopolamine
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Cholinergic Agonist
Motion sickness patch Oral= CNS effects, amnesia, sedation old date rape drug Get dizzy looking through a scope |
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Tolterodine (Detrol)
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Cholinergic Agonist
M3 receptor bladder incontenence in elderly NO CNS effect Sol/terodine - old and single if you're peeing your pants all the time |
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Solifenacin (Versican)
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Cholinergic Agonist
M3 selective overactive bladder and bladder spasms No salivation effect Sol/terodine |
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Glycopyrorrolate (Robinul)
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Cholinergic antagonist
used in surgery to prevent vagal response when handling organs Reduces neostigmine/edroponium effect Robbin U Liver- sucka! |
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Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
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Cholinergic Antagonist
Prevent bladder spasms post prostate surgery closes bladder sphincter tight NOT for BPH pts |
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Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
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Cholinergic Antagonist
Antispasmodic for GI you're not bentyl you're not crappin yourself. |
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Ipratroprium (Atrovent)
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Cholinergic Antagonist
Bronchodilator in acute asthma/ CHF (inhaler) quaternary amine- large- diesn't get to brain Causes dry mouth I Pray To Breathe |
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Tropicamide (mydriacil)
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Cholinergic Antagonist
Short acting Mydriasis, cycloplegia Mydriacil (seriously?) |
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Diphenoxylate-Atropine (lomotil)
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Cholinergic antagonist
opioid w/atropine to treat diarrhea. low#2- only two worded drug we have |
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Anticholinergic side effects
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Dry mouth
Tachycardia in youth Decreased GI control mydriasis + cycloplegia |
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D-Tubocurarine
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Non-Depolarizing Muscle Block
Long-acting decrease plate potential causes histamine release- hypotension/bronchospasm |
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What drug releases histamine?
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D-tubocurarine
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Pancuronium
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NonDepolarizing Muscle block
Slow-long ganglionic block w/ Muscarinic Vagal block- Tachycardia |
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Vecuronium
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nonDepolarizing Muscle block
intermediate length action Metabolized in the liver and products can be toxic |
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Cisatracurium (nimbex)
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nonDepolarizing Muscle block
low toxicity, no histamine= POPULAR |
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Rocuronium
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nonDepolarizing Muscle Block
Rapid acting intermediate effect paralytic in surgery immediate- contractures/fasiculations to paralysis effect prolonged by cholinesterase inhibitors! |
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Succinylcholine
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Nicotinic Depolarizing Muscle block
Rapid/short effect for trach/intubation if prolonged causes desensitization Size of twitch reduced, no reduce in height Hydrolyzed by plasma pseudocholinesterase |
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Mecamylamine (inversine)
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Gainglion blocker (only available)
Blocks sympathetic and parasympathetic SO... TONE will determine response. |
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Hexamethonium
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Prototype ganglia blocker- no sympathetic or parasympathetic response at all
no physical reaction |
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Phentolamine
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alpha blocker
Reversible decrease BP increase HR decrease gastric secretion b/c of lack of serotonin tachycardia, hypotension |
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Phenoxybenzamine (dibenzylene)
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Alpha blocker
Irreversible Epi reversal in pheochromocytoma (makes it more like isoproternol) Tachycardia hypotension if hypovolemic |
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Which alpha blocker (blocks both) is reversible vs irreversible?
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Phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine Say them backwards, can't say the longer one if my life depended on it |
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Prazosin (minipress)
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Alpha 1 blocker
Reversible relax A/V through a1 no change in HR- blocks reflex tach First dose phenom |
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Tamsulosin (Flomax)
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a1 blocker
a1a in prostate (specific) no change in BP (for hypertensive pt) Relaxes prostate bladder/sphincter for BPH NO Ejac... sorry bro |
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Yohimbine
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A2 blocker
increase NE/BP/HR Antagonize clonidine NOT for hypertension Doesn't work |
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Propanolol
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B1,2 blocker
Prototype blocker Hyperthryroidism, Ischemic heart disease, Migraine locla anesthetic (not for eyes) don't stop quickly problems with hypoglycemia efects prolonged with cimetidine shortened with phenobarb/phentoyn |
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Metaprolol (lopressor)
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B1 blocker
Decrease HR used in Hypertension, MI, migraine |
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Esmolol (brevibloc)
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Beta1 blocker
short duration -8min used IV during surgery |
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Betaxolol (Betoptic)
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B1 blocker
Asthmatics Glaucoma relief |
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Nebivolol (Bystolic)
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Beta1 blocker
VasoD due to NO Most B1 selective drug decrease BP w/o decrease Lvent action decreases cholesterol/glucose/triglycerides |
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Pindolol (Visken)
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Beta w/ISA
local anesthetic HTN in angina lower bradycardia risk |
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Acebutolol
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B1! w/ISA
local anesthetic HTN in angina, lower bradycardia risk |
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What drugs also have local anesthetic properties that shouldn't be used in the eye?
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Pindolol
Acebutolol Metoprolol propanolol Labetolol |
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Caredilol (Coreg)
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A,B combo
VasoD, Decrease BP w/o Tachy used for HTN, CHF, MI ABs-Core muscles |
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Guanethidine (Ismelin)
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NT release drug
inhibits NE release displaces from vesicles inhibited by cocaine |
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Reserpine
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NT release drug
inhibits NE release deplete NE/Epi/Dop/Ser/ from nerve terminals |
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Metyrosine
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RLS in Dopamine synthesis
Decreases Norepi/Epi Pre-surg drug for Pheochromocytoma |
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Epinephrine
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Catecholamine, a1b1b2
Anaphylactic shock BronchoD Vasopressor Glaucoma- decrease aqueous humor Not for ppl on B blockers, causes severe hypertension Large dose- HTN hemmorhage, arrythmia |
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Isoproternol
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Chatecholamine
Isolate B1 (b/c of large molecular size) Increase HR, contractility, Vasodilates Sk M, decreases reflex brady |
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Phenylephrine
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a1 agonist
vasoconstriction, increase bp w/ reflex Decongestant w/ rebound effect cautions w/ HTN patients Causes Medriasis |
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pseudoephedrine (sudafed)
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a1 agonist
decongestant without HTN |
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Clonidine (catapress)
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a2 agonist
brain, decrease NE, decrease sympathetic response, decrease BP/HTN for recovering addicts and hot flashes in menopause excess= hypotensive rapid withdrawal= hypertension |
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apraclonidine (Iopidine)
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a2 agonist
decrease intraoccular pressure through a2 mediated vasoconstriction |
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dobutamine
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B1agonist
INcrease Heart contractility/force increase renin, cardiac stress test- short acting all those dopes can't even get out of bed we have to stress their hearts while they sit there. |
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Albuterol
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B2 agonist
Relax respiratory sm m/ Uterine, BV to SkM increases K uptake into muscle and increases glycogenolysis |
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Ephedrine
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Adrenergic Stimulant
Not catecholamine similar to NE, CNS stimulant, bronchoDilator causes HTN (ephedra) |
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Amphetamine
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Not catecholamine
Indirect- displaces NE into synapses Psychosis and tachycardia |
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Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
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Not catecholamine,
like amphetamine Paradoxical decrease in activity in ADHD disorder |
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Cocaine
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Adrenergic Stimulant
inhibits reuptake of NE, addictive, causes HTN, stroke, arrythmia, MI, Psychosis |
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Tyramine
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adrenergic stimulant
indirect- displaces NE from nerve ending, hydroxylized by MAO if taking MAOinhibitors and eat lots of tyramine= Hypertension emergency |
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Dopamine
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DA agonistf
low dose- D1 receptors on renal vasculature- vasoD/increased flow High dose-B1 stimulation-> positive inotropy similar to epi-> nausea and vomiting |
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Fenoddolpam (Corlopam
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D1 agonist
dilation of vascular bed decreases BP short term for severe HTN tx |