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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the central government is not sovereign; the central government receives no direct grant of power from citizens
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confederation
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only the central government is sovereign; the central government may create regional governments, but these local units can exercise only the powers delegated and authorized by the central government
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unitary system
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between confederation and unitary system; a system in which central and regional governments share sovereignty
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federalism
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any group, either a minority or majority, that is motivated to act in a way that harms individual rights or is contrary to public interest in general
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factions
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dispersal of power
accommodation of diverse interests policy experimentation |
advantages of federalism
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factions
complexity and inefficiency accountability |
disadvantages of federalism
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court case that involved a dispute over whether the central government had the power to create a national bank
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McCulloch vs. Maryland
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the authority to pass laws for the health, safety, and morals of their citizens
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police power
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powers that the national and state governments can exercise; authority to tax and to borrow money
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concurrent powers
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a government based on the consent of the governed and representative institutions; a representative democracy founded on the notion of popular sovereignty
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republican form of government
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ensures that important civil obligations, such as property rights, wills, and marriages will be valid and honored in all states
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full faith and credit
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constitutional obligation of one state to another; if a person accused of a crime flees across state lines the governor of the state shall return the criminal
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interstate rendition
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authorizing the residents of the territory to draft a state constitution and hold a referendum to approve it
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enabling act
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laws passed by Congress, and treaties made by the national government shall be the...
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supreme law of the land
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views federal and state governments as independent sovereign powers with separate and distinct jurisdictions
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dual federalism
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recognizes an overlap in state and national responsibilities; state and federal governments have to work together, coordination their actions to serve and respond to the needs of citizens
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cooperative federalism
fiscal federalism |
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a movement to take power from the federal government and return it to the states
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new federalism
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the act of declaring a national law null and void withing a state's borders
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nullification
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grants of cash came in the form of continuing appropriations
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grants-in-aid
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a type of grant that originated in the early 1970s that comes with no strings attached
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general revenue sharing
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programs that not only provide funds for a defined area of activity, such as education or public housing, but also specify how the programs are to be carried out
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categorical grants
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provide funds for a general policy area, but they allow states and localities greater discretion than categorical grants in designing the programs being funded
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block grants
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conditions placed on the receipt of grant money that have nothing to do with the original purpose of the grant
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crossover sanction
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provisions in federal statues requiring states and localities to take on certain responsibilities without covering any of the associated expenses
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unfunded mandates
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the process of adopting a state centered or national centered view of federalism on the basis of political ideology
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ad hoc federalism
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Congress expressively giving national laws precedence over state and local laws
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preemption
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an attempt to move power from the federal government to state governments
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devolution
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