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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Damage to a region of the temporal lobe essential to recognizing face results in a condition known as |
prospagnosia |
|
Sensation is the |
detection and encoding of stimulus energies by the nervous system. |
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. The process by which we organize and interpret sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects andevents is called |
perception |
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The absolute threshold is the minimum amount of stimulation that a person needs to detect a stimulus |
50% of the time |
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An exhausted forest ranger may notice the faintest scent of a forest fire, whereas much stronger but less important odorsfail to catch her attention. This fact would be of greatest relevance to |
signal detection theory |
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Soothing musical recordings accompanied by unheard verbal messages designed to increase a desire to lose weight bestillustrate |
subliminal stimulation |
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After the invisible word “bread” was quickly flashed and then replaced by a masking stimulus, observers detected therelated word “butter” much faster than the unrelated word “bubble.” This best illustrates the impact of |
Weber's Law |
|
Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as |
sensory adaptation |
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If we could stop our eyes from quivering as we stared at a stationary object, the object would probably |
vanish from sight |
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The adjustable opening in the center of the eye is the |
pupil |
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The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the |
retina |
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The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called the |
blind spot |
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The nerve cells that respond to specific aspects of a visual stimulus, such as its shape or its movement, are |
feature detectors |
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Certain stroke victims report seeing nothing when shown a series of sticks, yet they are able to correctly report whetherthe sticks are vertical or horizontal. This best illustrates |
blindsight |
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When most people stare at a red square and then shift their eyes to a white surface, the afterimage of the square is |
green |
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The coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the |
cochlea |
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Small differences in the intensity of a sound received by each ear enable us to identify the ________ of the sound |
location |
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Kinesthesis refers to the |
system for sensing the position and movement of muscles, tendons, and joints. |
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People who carry a gene that boosts the availability of ________ are less bothered by pain. |
endorphins |
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Phantom limb sensations best illustrate that pain can be experienced in the absence of |
sensory input |
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People with persistent arm pain experienced a reduction in pain after receiving acupuncture with trick needles thatretracted without puncturing the skin. The fake acupuncture treatment could best be described as a |
placebo |
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With her eyes closed and her nose plugged, Chandra was unable to taste the difference between an onion and a pear. Herexperience best illustrates the importance of |
sensory interaction |
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Which psychologists focused on principles of perceptual organization? |
Gestalt psychologists |
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The Gestalt principles of proximity and similarity refer to ways in which we |
organize stimuli into coherent groups |
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The perceptual tendency to group together stimuli that are near each other is called |
proximity |
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The principle of continuity refers to the perceptual tendency to |
group stimuli into smooth, uninterrupted patterns |
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The organization of two-dimensional retinal images into three-dimensional perceptions is called |
depth perception |
|
Infants are especially likely to avoid crawling over the edge of a visual cliff if they |
have a lot of previous crawling experience |
|
Renny knew the red tulip was closer to her than the yellow tulip because the red one cast a larger retinal image than theyellow one. This illustrates the importance of the distance cue known as |
relative size |
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The convergence of parallel lines provides the distance cue known as |
linear perspective |
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We compute motion based on the assumption that shrinking objects are |
retreating |
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The illusion of movement in animated neon signs is known as |
the phi phenomenon |
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The visually perceived distance between ourselves and an object provides an important cue for our perception of theobject's |
size |
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The Moon just above the horizon typically appears to be unusually |
large because we perceive it as unusually far away from ourselves |
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The phenomenon of color constancy best demonstrates that |
an object's perceived color is influenced by its surrounding objects. |