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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Viruses
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Hep A, Norovirus
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Hepititis A
causes |
feces, ready to eat food, shellfish, may not show symptoms for weeks
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Hepititis A
symptoms |
fever, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice
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Hepititis A
prevention |
keep sick empl out, wash hands, minimize bare hand contact with rte food, shellfish from reputable suppliers
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Norovirus
causes |
linked to rte foods, contaminated water, very contagious, onset a few hours after eating
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Norovirus
symptoms |
vomit, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps
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Norovirus
prevention |
keep sick empl out, wash hands, minimize bare hand contact with rte food, shellfish from reputable suppliers
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Bacteria
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1. Bacillus cereus
2.Listeriosis 3. Hemorrhagic colitis 4. clostridium perfringens 5. Botulism 6. Salmonellosis 7. Shigellosis 8. Staphlococcal gastroenteriti 9. Vibrio vulnifuicus primary septicemia |
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Bacteria
Time & Temp prevents |
bacillus cereus
listriosis hemorrhagic clostridium perfringens botulism |
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Bacteria
cross contamination prevents |
salmonellosis
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Bacteria
personal hygiene prevents |
shigellosis
staph |
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Bacteria
reputable suppliers prevents |
vibrio vulnificus primary septicemia
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Bacteria
bacillus cereus causes |
spore-forming bacteria found in soil can produce two different toxins
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Bacteria
bacillus cereus food |
diarrhea: cooked veggies, meat products, milk
vomiting: cooked rice dishes, fried rice, pudding |
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Bacteria
bacillus cereus sypmtoms |
diarrhea: watery diarrhea, no vomiting
vomiting: nausea, vomiting |
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Bacteria
bacillus cereus prevention |
1. cook to mimimum temp
2. hold food at right temps 3. cool food correctly |
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Bacteria
Listeriosis causes |
Soil, water, plants. Grows in cool, moist. High risk populations vulnerable, esp. pregnant.
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Bacteria
Listeriosis food |
1. raw meat
2. unpasturized dairy products 3. rte foods (deli meat, hot dogs, soft cheese) |
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Bacteria
Listeriosis symptoms |
1 pregnant women-miscarriage
2 newborns: sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis |
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Bacteria
Listeriosis prevention |
1. toss food past expire date
2. cook raw meat to min temp 3. prevent cross-contam between raw and rte foods 4 avoid unpasteurized dairy |
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Bacteria
Hemorrhagic colitis causes |
shiga toxin producing E. coli. intestines of cattle, contaminate during slaughter
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Bacteria
Hemorrhagic colitis food |
1. ground beef
2. contaminated produce |
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Bacteria
Hemorrhagic colitis symptoms |
1. diarrhea (eventually bloody)
2. abdominal cramps 3. kindey failure (extreme cases) |
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Bacteria
Hemorrhagic colitis prevention |
1. cook food, esp gound beef, to min temps
2. produce from approved vendors 3. prevent cross contaminate 4. keep sick empl out |
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Bacteria
Clostridium perfringens cause |
Found in soil, spores. Also in intestines of animals & humans. Does not grow at refrigeration temps.
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Bacteria
Clostridium perfringens food |
1. meat
2. poultry 3. stews & gravy (containing meat/poultry) |
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Bacteria
Clostridium perfringens symptoms |
1. diarrhea
2. severe abdominal pain |
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Bacteria
Clostridium perfringens prevent |
1. cool & reheat food correctly
2. hold food at right temps |
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Bacteria
Botulism cause |
Spores in water & soil. Do not grow well in refrigerated or highly acidic food or with low moisture. Grows without oxygen when time temp abused. Without treatment, death likely
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Bacteria
Botulism food |
1. incorrectly canned food
2. reduced oxygen packed food 3. temp abused veggies, such as potatoes 4. untreated garlic & oil mixtures |
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Bacteria
Botulism symptoms |
Initially: 1. Nausea/vomiting
Later: 2. weakness 3. double vision 4. difficulty speaking/swallowing |
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Bacteria
Botulism prevent |
1. hold, cool & reheat correctly
2. inspect canned foods for damage |
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Bacteria
Salmonellosis causes |
Farm animals. Health and amount of bacteria = severity of symptoms.
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Bacteria
Salmonellosis food |
1. Poultry & eggs
2. dairy products 3. produce |
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Bacteria
Salmonellosis symptoms |
1. diarrhea
2. abdominal cramps 3. vomiting 4. fever |
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Bacteria
Salmonellosis prevent |
1. cook poultry/eggs to min temps
2. prevent cross-contiminat 3. keep sick empl out |
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Bacteria
Shigellosis causes |
Human feces. Flies can transfer.
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Bacteria
Shigellosis food |
1. Food contimated by hands-salads with tcs foods (potato, tuna, shrimp, macaroni, chicken)
2. Food in contact with contimated water (produce) |
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Bacteria
Shigellosis prevent |
1. keep sick empl out
2. wash hands 3. control flies |
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Bacteria
Staphylococcal gastroenteritis causes |
Humans, hair, nose, throat, cuts. Produce toxins that cause illness, cooking does not destroy.
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Bacteria
Staphylococcal gastroenteritis food |
1. Food requiring handling--salads with tcs foods
2. deli meat |
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Bacteria
Staphylococcal gastroenteritis symptoms |
1. nausea
2. vomiting and retching 3. abdominal cramps |
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Bacteria
Staphylococcal gastroenteritis prevent |
1 wash hands
2 cover wounds 3 hold, cool & reheat correctly |
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Bacteria
Vibrio gastroenteritis causes |
Waters where shellfish are harvested. Grow fast in temp danger zone. People with chronic illness can get septicemia leading to death
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Bacteria
Vibrio gastroenteritis food |
Oysters from contaminated water
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Bacteria
Vibrio gastroenteritis symptoms |
1. diarrhea
2. abdominal cramps/nausea 3. vomiting 4. low grade fever |
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Bacteria
Vibrio gastroenteritis prevent |
Cook oysters to min temp.
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Parasites
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Prevented by reputable suppliers.
1. anisakiasis 2. cryptosporidiosis 3. giardiasis |
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Parasites
Anisakiasis causes |
Raw or undercooked fish
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Parasites
Anisakiasis food |
1. Herring
2. Cod 3. Halibut 4. Mackerel 5. Pacfic Salmon |
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Parasites
Anisakiasis symptoms |
1. Tingling in throat
2. Coughing up worms |
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Parasites
Anisakiasis prevention |
1. Cook fish to min temps
2. If serving raw, buy sushi-grade |
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Parasites
Cryptosporidiosis causes |
Human feces. Common in day care & medial facilities. Person to person
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Parasites
Cryptosporidiosis food |
1. contaminated water
2. produce |
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Parasites
Cryptosporidiosis symptoms |
1. watery diarrhea
2. abdominal cramps 3. nausea 4. weight loss |
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Parasites
Cryptosporidiosis prevent |
1. use properly treated water
2. keep sick empl out 3. wash hands |
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Parasites
Giardiasis causes |
Human feces. Person to person
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Parasites
Giardiasis food |
1. improperly treated water
2. produce |
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Parasites
Giardiasis symptoms |
Initially: 1. Fever
Later 2. Diarrhea 3. abdominal cramps 4. nausea |
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Parasites
Giardiasis prevention |
1. use properly treated water
2. keep sick empl out 3. wash hands |
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Molds
Characteristics |
Produce toxins (aflatoxins).
Grow well in acidic food with little moisture. Cold & frozen slows growth but does not kill. Cut away 1 inch around. |
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Yeasts
Characteristics |
Smell or taste of alcohol. White or pink discoloration/slime. Bubble. Grow well in acidic food with litle moisture (jams). Dispose of spoiled food.
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Biological Toxins
3 types |
1. Seafood toxins
2. Plant toxins 3. Musroom toxins |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Scombroid poisoning-Histamine poisoning cause |
Temp abused fish, bacteria on fish make toxin. Cannot be destroyed by freezing, cooking, smoking or curing
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Scombroid poisoning-Histamine poisoning foods |
1. Tuna
2. Bonito 3. Mackerel 4. Mahi Mahi |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Scombroid poisoning-Histamine poisoning symptoms |
Initially:
1. reddening of face & neck 2. sweating 3. headache 4. burning/tingling in mouth/throat Later: 5. diarrhea 6. vomiting |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Scombroid poisoning-Histamine poisoning prevent |
Prevent time/temp abuse during storage & preparation
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Ciguatera fish poisoning causes |
Found in marine algae. No smell or taste. Cooking or freezing won't eliminate it. Symptoms may last months.
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Ciguatera fish poisoning foods |
1. barracuda
2. grouper 3. jacks 4. snapper |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Ciguatera fish poisoning symptoms |
1. reversal of hot & cold sense
2. nausea 3. vomiting 4. tingling in fingers, lips, toes 5. joint/muscle pain |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Ciguatera fish poisoning prevent |
Purchase predatory tropical reef fish from reputable suppliers.
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Causes |
Shellfish filter from algae. No smell or taste. Not destroyed by cooking/freezing. Death from paralysis from high levels.
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Foods |
1. clams
2. mussels 3. oysters 4. scallops |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) symptoms |
1. numbness
2. dizziness 3. nausea 4. vomiting 5. diarrhea |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) Prevent |
Purchase shellfish from approved, reputable suppliers
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) Causes |
Toxic algae. Brevetoxin not smelled or tasted. Not destroyed by cooking or freezing.
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) food |
1. clams
2. mussels 3. oysters |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) symptoms |
1. Tingling, numbness of lips, tongue, throat
2. dizziness 3. reversal of hot/cold senses 4. vomiting 5. diarrhea |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) prevent |
Purchase shellfish from approved, reputable suppliers.
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) Causes |
Toxic algae. Domoic acid cannot be smelled or tasted. Not destroyed by cooking/freezing
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) food |
1. clams
2. mussels 3. oysters 4. scallops |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) symptoms |
Initially: 1. vomiting
2. diarrhea, 3. abdominal pain Later: 4. confusion, 5. memory loss, 6. disorientation, 7. seizure, 8. coma |
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Biological Toxins-Fish Toxins
Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) prevent |
Purchase shellfish from reputable suppliers.
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Biological Toxins-
Mushroom Toxins |
Not destroyed by cooking or freezing. Purchase from reputable suppliers
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Biological Toxins-
Plant toxins causes |
1. toxic plants-fools parsley
2. honey from bees-toxic plants 3. undercooked kidney beans |