Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
President Hoover sent ________ in the form of money to help the unemployed. |
reliefs |
|
Many African Americans still worked as __________ in the South during the Great Depression. |
tenant farmers |
|
Many Mexican immigrants clustered themselves in ________ in order to keep their culture alive. |
barrios |
|
Why did African Americans, Mexican immigrants, and Mexican Americans face especially hard times in the 1930s? |
Because of discrimination, lack of jobs, and being laid off. |
|
Why did some immigrants return to Mexico during the Great Depression? |
Because they lost their jobs and experienced discrimination. |
|
How did the Bonus Army events help turn the nation against President Hoover? |
Because Hoover sent troops to force them out of Washington D.C. |
|
Why did Americans support Franklin Roosevelt in 1932? |
Because he was cheerful, confident, made Americans feel like the Depression could be beaten and promised them a "New Deal". |
|
Hoovervilles |
nicknames of shantytowns that acted as temporary communities during the Great Depression |
|
Bonus Army |
WWI veterans who marched on Washington D.C. demanding payments for their service |
|
Douglas MacArthur |
the General who was ordered to put down the Bonus Army |
|
President Hoover |
disagreed with the Bond Army and probably lost the election because of his actions toward them |
|
Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
the Democrat who won the election of 1932 |
|
Francis Townsend came up with the idea of a ________ plan for citizens over the age of 60. |
pension |
|
Those who wanted fewer government controls were known as _________. |
conservatives |
|
_________ were in favor of New Deal reforms which would bring about more social and economic change. |
liberals |
|
What was the overall effect on the country of Roosevelt's first New Deal programs? |
The programs lifted Americans' spirits. |
|
What were the three R's? |
1) Relief: provide relief to suffering people 2) Recovery: bring economic recovery 3) Reform: produce reforms so a depression won't happen again |
|
Why did some people oppose Roosevelt's programs? |
Because they feared that the government would have too much involvement in their lives and harm the economy. |
|
What was the Second New Deal? |
It was new bills that Roosevelt proposed in Congress in 1935. |
|
How did the New Deal help many American groups? |
Because anyone who was retired AND over 65 received monthly pensions and it assisted people. |
|
What role did women play during Roosevelt's presidency? |
Women were appointed to government posts. |
|
What experienced in Bethune's life made her a good choice to advise Roosevelt on education and youth issues? |
She was the President of the Bethune-Cookman College, President of the National Association of Colored Woman, and director of the National Youth Administration's Division of Negro Affairs. |
|
What programs and agencies helped people get back to work? |
The Civilian Conservatiom Corps and the Public Works Administration. |
|
What agencies had to do with Mother Nature? |
The Tennessee Valley Authority and Agricultural Adjustment Administration. |
|
Francis Townsend |
credited for the original idea of the Social Security Act |
|
Robert Wagner |
senator from New York who helped to set the National Labor Relations Act |
|
Frances Perkins |
female Secretary of Labor who helped set the National Labor Relations Act |
|
Mary McLeod Bethune |
became the first African American woman to serve as the head of a federal agency |
|
Eleanor Roosevelt |
first First Lady to take a role as an active reformer |
|
Which countries formed the Axis Alliance? |
Japan, Italy, and Germany |
|
Spain, Germany, and Italy all had ______ ruling their countries before WWII. |
dictators |
|
A political system with a strong leader who is the chief of source of law and encourages nationalism is called ________. |
fascism |
|
Joseph Stalin turned the Soviet Union into a _____________. |
totalitarian state |
|
Some European nations chose a policy of __________ toward Hitler's Germany. |
appeasement |
|
What effects did the Treaty of Versailles have on Germany? |
It required Germany to pay more than $33 billion in reparations. |
|
What factors led to the rise of dictators during the 1920s and 1930s? |
Losing faith in democratic governments. |
|
What dictators rose to power because of these factors? |
Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler |
|
Why did Germany and Japan invade other countries? |
Because they needed more natural resources and power. |
|
What agreement did Germany and the Soviet Union make? |
They agreed not to attack each other. |
|
Benito Mussolini |
named dictator of Italy, brought fascism with him |
|
Adolf Hitler |
took control of Germany and brought the Nazi party to power |
|
Joseph Stalin |
took control of the Soviet Union after Lenin's death and introduced the totalitarian state |
|
Sudentenland |
northern area of Czechoslovakia that was given to Germany in exchange for no further invasions |
|
In WWII, Germany used a new military strategy called __________, which means "lightning war". |
blitzkrieg |
|
The U.S. government put Japanese Americans in ___________ mostly out of fear. |
internment camps |
|
How and where did Germany extend its conquests in Europe in 1940? |
They extended their conquests to most of Europe by invading lands and air raids. |
|
How did President Roosevelt help Allied nations? |
By proposing the Lend-Lease Act. |
|
What did Congress do after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor? |
Congress declared war on Japan. |
|
Why were many Japanese Americans sent to internment camps during the war? |
Because people thought they were spies for Japan. |
|
What was the Allies' "Europe First" policy? |
The Allies would first defeat Germany and then focus all their energy on beating Japan. |
|
Why was D-Day important? |
Because the Allies got control of France. |
|
During the war, many raw materials in the U.S. were _________ so they could be used in the war effort. |
rationed |
|
Japanese ________ used their planes to crash into U.S. ships. |
kamikazes |
|
During the _________, Germant put many people (mostly Jewish) in _____________ because they were viewed as "unfit to live". |
Holocaust; concentration camps |
|
Part of Hitler's "Final Solution" was to perform a massive _________ against all Jews. |
genocide |
|
The U.S. dropped the _________ on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, effectively ending WWII. |
atomic bomb |
|
What effect did the war have on the U.S. economy? |
Factories were changed to produce machines and weapons and raw materials had to be rationed. |
|
What happened at the Battle of Midway? |
The Japanese suffered heavy losses. |
|
What strategy did the U.S. use to defeat Japan? |
island hopping |
|
What major event led to the surrender of the Japanese forces? |
The bombing of Hiroshima. |
|
Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb? |
Because he believed it would end the war quickly. |
|
Winston Churchill |
prime minister of Great Britain who urged the U.S. to enter WWII |
|
Pearl Harbor |
attacked by the Japanese; thrust the U.S. into WWII |
|
"Big Three" |
Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin |
|
General Eisenhower |
U.S. commanding officer in charge of repelling the German forces out of France |
|
Normandy |
site of D-Day |
|
George S. Patton |
U.S. General in charge of conquering Germany once and for all |
|
Midway |
site of a key battle in the Pacific |
|
Harry S. Truman |
Vice-President who became President when FDR died in 1945 |
|
Nuremberg, Germany |
site of the WWII war crime trials, where 24 Nazi leaders were convicted |
|
Hiroshima, Japan |
site of the first atomic bomb drop in WWII |
|
TRUE/FALSE: The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation protected peoples' money in banks. |
true |
|
TRUE/FALSE: The Tennessee Vakkey Authority built dams and helped to produce hydroelectricity. |
true |
|
TRUE/FALSE: The D-Day invasion took place in Berlin, Germany. |
false |
|
TRUE/FALSE; Roosevelt made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan. |
false |
|
TRUE/FALSE: The Sudentenland was given to Germany by the Allies as a form of appeasement. |
true |
|
barrios |
communities in which mostly Spanish-speaking people live |
|
Conservatives |
people who believe in limited government involvement in the economy |
|
Home Owners Loan Corporation |
gave loans at low costs so home owners could continue making their house payments |
|
internment camp |
place where people are confined, especially during a time of war |
|
appeasement |
attempt to keep peace with an enemy by giving in to its demands |
|
blitzkrieg |
German method of conducting war with speed and fire |