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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Germany
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Who had the initial advantage and sought to make short work of the French by quickly attacking Paris?
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Russia
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What country suprised everyone and disrupted Germany's carefully planned strategy?
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France and Russia
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What two-front war did Germany fight against?
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Schieffen Plan
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This plan called for the Germans to send most of their forces west through neutral Belgium and quickly surround Paris.
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Belgium
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What country refused to allow travel through their country by the Germans?
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Germany
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This country broke their treaty with Belgium and forced their way through
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Britain
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Who was brought into the war by the broken treaty between Germany and Belgium?
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France
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Who was able to halt the German advance?
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Russia
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Who had initial success but later defeat?
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Stalemate
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The condition where armies on both sides have little gain.
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Modern weapons
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What industrial production made possible such horrific loss of life?
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Machine guns
flame throwers shells with poisonous gas tanks submarines zeppelin aircraft |
What inventions were designed for and used during WW1?
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media
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Governments on both sides used every available form of ___________ to maintain support for their side while demoralizing the enemy.
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national pride and atrocities (real and exaggerated)
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What did propaganda emphasize?
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Total war
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a war in which all the resources of a country are devoted to destroying the enemy.
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Russia defeating the Germans
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What resulted in the collapse of central government in Russia?
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Vladimir Lenin
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Who signed a treaty with the Germans and took Russia out of the war?
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April 6, 1917
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What day did America declare war on the Germans?
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Allies
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Who did the American forces provide an advantage for to help defeat the Germans?
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armistice (truce or ceasefire)
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What did the Germans agree to sign because they believed the Allies would treat them fairly?
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No
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Did the Allies treat the Germans fairly, as they thought?
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32
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How many nations attended the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919?
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countries that had supported the Central Powers and Russia because of its early withdrawl from the war.
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Who did the Allies exclude?
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5 - Treaty of Versailles
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How many treaties did the representatives formulate and which one was the most important?
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Allies and Germany
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A treaty between what two groups contained harsh demands and blamed Germany for the war?
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territory and its colonies
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What did Germany lose?
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reparations
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What was Germany ordered to pay as payment for war damages?
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10 million
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How many men died in battle?
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26 million
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How many men were wounded or missing in action?
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15,000
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How many people died each day of the war?
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350 billion
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What is the total direct and indirect cost of the war?
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England, France, and Spain
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What 3 countries had traditionally regarded each other as rivals?
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Germany
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What newly formed nation surged forward and turned former rivals into allies?
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Germany
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What country quickly industrialized?
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replacing Great Britain as Europe's primary industrial nation
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What was the German's goal at the beginning of the 20th century?
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France
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What country was humiliated by the Germans in 1870?
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Bismark
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Which German chancellor made alliances with other European powers to isolate the French diplomatically?
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England
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What country worked to maintain their isolation from the political strife that plagued western Europe?
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Russia
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What country encouraged the Balkan states to drive the Ottoman turks out of the Balkans?
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Russia
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What country sought to influence and later dominate the Balkan region?
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Science, technology, and progress
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Faith in what three things became prominent at the beginning of the 20th century?
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solve any problem and cure society's ills
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What did men begin to believe they could do?
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confidence in science and technology
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What ultimately led nations to stumble into a war that could not be resolved quickly?
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the atom
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Scientists made a number of discoveries about what and its structure?
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certain diseases
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Physicians developed a process to reveal and confirm the causes of what?
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Improvement in processing steel
the production of electricity and chemicals |
What led to a tremendous growth of technology during this period?
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Developments in chemicals
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What resulted in mass production of paper, soaps and fertilizer?
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Germany
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Who became the largest producer of chemicals?
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militaries
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What did several European nations build with capacity far beyond the need for defense?
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national glory and power
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A large army and navy became the expression of __________ and a symbol of _________.
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Germany and Italy
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What nations sought to gain access to foreign lands in order to compete with Britain and France?
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suspicion
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The increasing rivalry led to tension and __________ among European states.
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Bismark
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What German chancellor made an alliance with Russia and Austria-Hungary that protected Germany against an attack by France?
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Russia and Austria-Hungary
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What 2 countries did Bismark made an alliance with that protected Germany against an attack by France?
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Austria-Hungary and Italy
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What 2 countries did Bismark ally with when the agreement fell apart?
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Reinsurance Treaty
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What is the name of the secret treaty between Bismark and Russia that was crucial to protecting the German interests.
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Wilhelm II
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Who became the ruler of Germany in 1888 and dismissed Bismarck and allowed the Reinsurance treaty to expire?
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Russia
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What country did France convince to sign an alliance with them?
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Britain
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Wilhelm II proceeded to provoke what country by ordering the construction of a massive naval fleet?
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England
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What country did the Germans convince to end its isolation?
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Entente Cordiale (friendly understanding)
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What was the agreement entered into by Britain and France to defend against German aggression?
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Britain and France
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What 2 countries entered into the Entente Cordiale to defend against German agression?
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Triple Entente
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Russia joined this loose confederation with Britain and France
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Russia
the Ottoman Empire Austria-Hungary |
What states had overlapping claims to land in the Balkan region?
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"power keg" of Europe
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What did overlapping claims and a growing sense of nationalism in the Balkans make this area called?
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June 28, 1914
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What was the date that WW1 started?
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the assassination of the Bosnian radical Archduke Francis Ferdinand - heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary
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What was the event that started WW1?
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Germany
Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire |
Central Powers
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Russia
Serbia France |
Allies
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