2Nd Class Fireman, High Pressure Boilers, Chapter 7, Notecards

- A device used to remove soot deposits from around tubes and permit better heat transfer in the boiler

- used where coal and fuel oil are used. They are not needed for natural gas.

- removing soot increases heat transfer, increasing boiler efficiency and reduces fuel consumption

- most modern watertube boilers that burn fuel oil or coal are installed permanently with these.

- not used in firetube boilers.

A stoker that feeds the coal into the boiler in suspension and on the grate

A stoker that feeds coal into a boiler from under the fire

A mechanical device used for feeding coal into the boiler

- A fuel oil burner that uses pressure to force the fuel through a nozzle or sprayer into the furnace where the vaporized fuel mixes with air and is ignited.

- both plug-and-tip and sprayer-plate atomizers require fuel oil pressures of 100 psi or higher for atomization.

- other types can be used at pressures below 15 psi.

- amount of fuel going to the burner is controlled by pressure of fuel oil and size of orifice in the burner tip.

- amount of air going to the furnace is controlled by a damper or by a variable-speed forced draft blower.

- a diffuser helps mix the air and fuel.

- A formed sheet-metal plate with slots where the metal is bent on an angle

- as the mixture of air and fuel passes through this, it causes the mixture to swirl turbulently into the combustion chamber

- An emissions control method in which ammonia gas is introduced over a catalyst located in a module that is installed in the boiler exhaust stack

- It reduces NOx emissions

- The environmental requirement for emissions from a new boiler that must be met in ozone non-attainment area

- environmental regulation that restricts boiler emissions to help improve the air quality

- emissions are generally below 9 ppm

- A fuel oil burner that sends compressed air and pressurized fuel oil through a nozzle into the furnace where the vaporized fuel mixes with air and is ignited.

- requires inlet pressures of 8 psi to 20 psi.

A stoker that feeds the coal into the boiler on a traveling grate

- The environmental requirement for emissions from an existing boiler in a non-attainment area

- environmental regulation that restricts boiler emissions to help improve the air quality

- many non-attainment areas require that the NOx from boilers be limited to 9 ppm

- The carbon deposits resulting from incomplete combustion

- acts as an insulator when deposited on the heating surface of the boiler.

A tank and any underground piping connected to the tank that has less than 10% of its combined volume underground

- A fuel oil burner consisting of a quickly spinning cup that discharges the fuel oil with high-velocity air into the boiler, resulting in a finely atomized fuel that mixes with air and ignites

- can burn a wide range of fuel oil at low temperatures and pressures

- An emissions control method for boilers in which moderate amounts of flue gas are captured from the exhaust and recirculated back through the burner along with the secondary air

- Used to reduce NOx levels

A general term used to include all possible forms of nitrogen oxides that result from combustion

A device that delivers fuel oil to a furnace in a fine spray where it mixes with air to provide efficient combustion

A blower with a wheel that has blades attached at the rim and rotates in a housing

- A fuel oil burner that sends steam and pressurized fuel oil through a nozzle into the furnace where the vaporized fuel mixes with air and is ignited.

- the steam atomizes the fuel oil.

- fuel oil is typically supplied to the burner at a pressure of about 10 psi to 50 psi and a temperature of 120 degrees Fahrenheit to 150 degrees Fahrenheit.

- 20 psi of steam pressure is normally required for atomization.

- the live steam is saturated.

- A tank and any underground piping connected to the tank that has at least 10% of its combined volume underground.

Coal that is ground into a fine powder and is then blown into the combustion chamber where it is burned in suspension

- A blower that has a rotating impeller in a housing that throws the air to its outer edge, increasing the air’s velocity and pressure

- typically used on small to medium installations

Relatively small ash particles that are light enough to be suspended in a combustible gas stream and carried though a boiler.

The noncombustible components of coal that melt and fuse together during combustion, leaving chunks that interfere with ash handling.

Relatively large ash particles that are heavy enough to be collected and removed from the bottom of a furnace.

The solid material left behind in the process of burning coal.

Mixing fuel and steam/air for combustion.

A chamber surrounding a burner assembly or coal stoker that allows pressurized air from a forced draft fan to enter the burner.

- used to safely and efficiently store fuel oil in required quantities.

- certain openings allow you to measure the fuel oil level in the tank (such as a measuring stick).

- used to connect the various parts of a fuel oil system and to transport fuel oil safely and efficiently.

- protected by relief valves

- used to remove foreign matter in a fuel oil system before the fuel oil reaches the burner assembly.

- example: duplex fuel oil strainer.

- used to measure the pressure of the fuel.

- located on both sides of all strainers.

- used to indicate whether a strainer is dirty by looking for a pressure drop.

- proper pressure is essential for atomization of fuel oil.

- used to reduce the fuel oil viscosity so that the fuel oil can be pumped easily and to heat it to the temperature needed for combustion.

- two types are: coil heater and bell heater.

- a safety relief valve is installed after the fuel oil heater to protect against excessive fuel oil pressure.

The measurement of the internal resistance of a fluid to flow.

- An adjustable blade or set of blades used to control the flow of air.

- should be opened for soot blowing.

- may be either high-pressure or low-pressure burners.

- supply proper mixture of air and gas to the furnace so that complete combustion can be achieved.

- components include gas regulators, solenoid valves, control valves, blowers, and control mechanisms.

- gas supplied to this burner is at a set pressure.

- air for combustion is typically supplied by a forced draft blower.

- some burner’s gas and air mix outside the combustion chamber and others occur inside the burner register.

- two types of blowers are: squirrel cage blower and centrifugal blower.

- reduces the possibility of gas leaks, safer than the high-pressure gas burners.

- supply gas to the mixing chamber at 0 psig.

- gas and air mix together outside the combustion chamber.

- supply line to the burner must be large enough to prevent excessive pressure drop through the line.

- fitted with a pressure gauge and a manually operated shutoff valve.

- regulator controls the desired set pressure at the burner.

- valve can change gas pressure and gradually allow gas to flow to the burner.

- to prevent the system from operating when the gas pressure is low, a low-gas-pressure switch is connected to the gas line.

- a high-gas-pressure switch is used to prevent the system from operating with gas pressure that is too high.

- an electrically operated solenoid valve is used as an automatic shutoff gas valve.

- a manual reset valve shuts off the gas supply if the pilot flame goes out or a low-water condition exists.

- designed to use a high-pressure gas burner in conjunction with an oil burner.

- allows flexibility in operation because the operator can change from one fuel to another in the event of a mechanical failure in one of the systems.

- forced draft blower is used.