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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The physical symptoms of anxiety disorder are the same as the 'fight or flight' response. What are these symptom? |
Psychological arousal Autonomic arousal Muscle tension - tremor and muscle pain Hyperventilation Palpitations Sweating Sleep disturbance |
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What are the specific Psychological side effects of anxiety disorder? |
Psychological side effects of anxiety disorder: Fearful anticipation Irritibility Sensitivity to noise Poor concentration Worrying thoughts |
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What are the physical autonomic effects on the GI, respiratory, cardio, renal and CNS that anxiety disorder can have? |
GI: Dry mouth, swallowing difficulties, dyspepsia, nausea, wind, frequent loose stools Resp: Tight chest, difficult inhaling Cardio: Palpitations, chest pains GI: frequent urgent martriculation, erectile failure CNS: Dizziness and sweating |
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Hyperventilation is one of the main respiratory features in Anxiety disorder. What risk does hyperventilation cause to the patient? |
Hyperventilation will cause the patient to blow off too much C02 causing a CO2 deficit = hypocapnia. Stopped by getting patient to slow down breathing and blow into paper bag. |
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What are the sleep disturbance symptoms that occur in anxiety disorder? |
Sleep disturbance symptom in anxiety disorder: Initial insomnia Frequent waking Nightmares and night terrors |
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What is the difference between Phobic anxiety disorders and generalised anxiety disorders? |
Both phobic and generalised anxiety disorders have the same anxiety symptoms. The difference is that phobic anxiety occurs in specific situations/circumstances. e.g agoraphobia, social phobia |
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What are the Psychiatric and the Physical differential diagnosis for anxiety disorder? |
Psychiatric: Depression - most common, often interlinked Schizophrenia Dementia Substance misuse Physical: Thyrotoxicosis Phaeochromoctoma - hormone secreting tumour from the adrenals Hypoglycaemia Asthma or Arrhythmias
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What is the 1st line management for a patient newly diagnosed with an anxiety disorder? |
1st line treatment would be Counselling, CBT & Relaxation therapy *brain is misperceiving a threat and so work is done to acknowledge the threat and then re-tune the thought process* |
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What is the first line medication treatment for anxiety disorder? |
1st line medication would be SSRI's *sedatives avoided if possible due to high risk of dependancy* |
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What are the main physical symptoms in Social Phobic anxiety? |
When somebody is unreasonable anxious about being observed or criticised eg. avoids restaurants, shopping and public speaking The main symptoms are blushing and tremors |
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What genetic coding dysfunction is OCD linked with as a possible etiological cause? |
OCD linked with abnormal gene coding for 5HT receptors *equal prevalence in men and women* |
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What is the management available for a patient suffering from OCD? |
General measures: Education and explanation CBT: Exposure and response prevention - expose them to the thing they are worried about in an extreme way and then prevent them from the ritual. Medication: SSRIs *pyschosurgery used in the treatment of OCD as a last resort* |
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What is the first line medication in the treatment of OCD? |
SSRIs - FLUOXETINE is first line medication in the treatment of OCD |
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What is the definition of post traumatic stress disorder? |
PTSD - is a delayed reaction to a stressor of exceptional severity. It can only be developed if the incident was witnessed in person, cant be caused by something they have simply heard about. The longer the exposure to the incident the greater the risk of PTSD |
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What are the three key symptoms of PTSD in reaction to a distressing event? |
Hyperarousal - symptoms of anxiety Re-experiencing phenomena - e.g flashbacks (flash backs are a very physical thing, for patient it feels as though they are actually there) Avoidance of reminders - emotional numbness, recall difficulties *more prevalent in women* |
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What factors makes somebody more at risk of developing PTSD after a traumatic incident? |
Vulnerability factors: Mood disorder Previous trauma, especially as child Lack of social support Female gender |
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What is the management for a patient with mild symptoms of PTSD? |
If a patient presents with mild symptoms of PTSD then often they will be put under 'watchful waiting' then reviewed in a month |
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If a patient has more severe symptoms of PTSD then what is the treatment ? |
For more severe PTSD: Trauma-focussed CBT if more severe symptoms. EMDR - eye movement desensitisation and re-configurement treatment Medication - SSRIs or TCAs |
