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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a reflex? |
A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus produced by a reflex arc, meaning it occurs without concious thought. Reflexes are homeostatic. The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the neuron and the basic functional unit of the nervous system is the reflex arc, because it is the smallest, simplest portion capable of receiving a stimulus and producing a response. Only part of the nervous system that will carry out all 3 jobs/functions: sensory, interneuron, and motor. |
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What are the 5 parts of a typical reflex arc? |
1. A sensory receptor detects a stimulus. 2. A sensory neuron conducts action potentials through the nerve & dorsal root to the spinal cord. 3. In the spinal cord, the sensory neuron synapses with an interneuron. 4. The interneuron synapses with a motor neuron. 5. A motor neuron axon conducts action potentials through the ventral root & spinal nerve to an effector organ. |
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What are autonomic reflexes? |
Autonomic reflexes are responsible for maintaining relatively constant blood pressure, blood carbon dioxide levels and water intake. |
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What are somatic reflexes? |
Somatic reflexes remove the body from painful stimulus that would cause tissue damage or keep the body from suddenly falling or moving because of external forces. |
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What is a spinal reflex? |
A spinal reflex is produced by the CNS, pathways lie entirely within the spinal cord. |
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What is a cranial reflex? |
Cranial reflex is mediated by pathways in the cranial nerves. Ex. Blinking, swallowing. |
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What is a monosynaptic reflex? |
Monosynaptic reflex involve simple neuronal pathways in which sensory neurons synapse directly with motor neurons. |
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What is a polysynaptic reflex? |
Polysynaptic reflex involve more complex pathways involving multiple synapses with interneurons between the sensory and motor neurons. |
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What is IPSP? |
IPSP ^ (inhibitory postsynaptic potential) that makes neuron less likely to generate an action potential. You make it NOT FIRE * neurotransmitters are excitatory to some targets and inhibitory to others. |
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What is EPSP? |
EPSP (excitatory postsynaptic potential) that makes the neuron more likely to fire an action potential. You make IT FIRE * neurotransmitters are excitatory to some targets and inhibitory to others. |
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What is a Babinski reflex? |
Babinski reflex is a reflex action in which the big toe remains extended or extends itself when the sole of the foot is stimulated. Reflex present = positive Related absent = negative Abnormal except in young infants |
