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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is true when considering the classification of sensory receptors by location?
a) Proprioceptors are widespread throughout the body. b) The two main types of receptors when classified by location are exteroceptors (for reception outside the body) and interoceptros (for reception inside the body). c) Mechanoceptors are a type of receptor when classified by location. d) Receptors can be grouped into three receptor classes according to either their location or the location of the activating stimulus. e) Proprioceptors are interoceptors. |
d) Receptors can be grouped into three receptor classes according to either their location or the location of the activating stimulus.
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Pain is enormously complex with different variants from ache to pain to hyperalgesia. Which of the following is true with regards to pain?
a) Pain is one of the most important signals traveling up the spinal cord and is thus carried on heavy myelinated axons. b) Touch sensation often overrules pain sensation and this is why we rub an area where we are experiencing pain. c) The likelihood of phantom limb can be reduced by using general anesthesia to prevent the brain from registering the pain as well as an epidural to prevent the spinal cord from registering the pain. d) Visceral path is an important signal that travels directly to pain centers in the brain. |
b) Touch sensation often overrules pain sensation and this is why we rub an area where we are experiencing pain.
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Visceral pain should be understood in order to not ignore persistent pain that may indicate a more serious condition. Which of the following connections is not an example of a visceral pain pairing?
a) Ureters and inner thighs b) Kidneys and hip and abdominopelvic area c) Gall bladder and the right shoulder d) All of these are valid pairings between pain in visceral organs and the referred area of skin. e) Heart and left side of the neck, chest and left arm |
d) All of these are valid pairings between pain in visceral organs and the referred area of skin.
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Which type of sensory receptor is stimulated by touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch?
a) nociceptors b) mechanoreceptors c) photoreceptors d) thermoreceptors e) chemoreceptors |
b) mechanoreceptors
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Match the receptor to the type of stimulus that activates it: Nociceptors
a) Smell b) Hot or cold c) Light on the retina d) Pain |
d) Pain
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Match the receptor to the type of stimulus that activates it: Mechanoreceptors
a) Hot or cold b) Touch, pressure (including blood pressure), vibration, and stretch c) Light on the retina d) Pain e) Smell |
b) Touch, pressure (including blood pressure), vibration, and stretch
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Two receptors that will be important in understanding muscle reflexes are involved in proprioception. These receptors are
a) tactile corpuscles or Meissner’s corpuscles b) muscle spindles and tendon organs c) bulbous corpuscles and Ruffini endings d) lamellar corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles |
b) muscle spindles and tendon organs
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Proprioceptors advise the brain of
a) chemical imbalances b) temperature of the skin c) body movements d) pain localization |
c) body movements
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Collections of neuron cell bodies associated with nerves in the peripheral nervous system are known as
a) ganglia b) encapsulated dendritic endings c) schwann cells d) nociceptors e) exteroceptors |
a) ganglia
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Fast adapting receptors are called __________.
a) phasic receptors b) tonic receptors c) sensory receptors d) threshold receptors |
a) phasic receptors
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Match the structure with its definition: Perineurium
a) Delicate layer of loose connective tissue surrounding each axon b) Coarse connective tissue that binds groups of fibers into bundles called fascicles c) Ganglia associated with afferent fibers d) Ganglia associated with efferent fibers e) The tough fibrous sheath enclosing all fascicles |
b) Coarse connective tissue that binds groups of fibers into bundles called fascicles
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Match the structure with its definition: Endoneurium
a) Ganglia associated with efferent fibers b) Ganglia associated with afferent fibers c) Coarse connective tissue that binds groups of fibers into bundles called fascicles d) The tough fibrous sheath enclosing all fascicles e) Delicate layer of loose connective tissue surrounding each axon |
e) Delicate layer of loose connective tissue surrounding each axon
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Match the structure with its definition: Epineurium
a) Coarse connective tissue that binds groups of fibers into bundles called fascicles b) Delicate layer of loose connective tissue surrounding each axon c) The tough fibrous sheath enclosing all fascicles d) Ganglia associated with efferent fibers e) Ganglia associated with afferent fibers |
c) The tough fibrous sheath enclosing all fascicles
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The final level of neural integration in the somatosensory system is the __________ level.
a) abstraction b) perceptual c) circuit d) receptor |
b) perceptual
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Reflexes that result from practice or repetition are known as __________.
a) sensory reflexes b) acquired reflexes c) speech reflexes d) intrinsic reflexes e) acquired motor skills |
b) acquired reflexes
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The muscle fiber or gland cell that responds to the efferent impulses is known as the __________.
a) motor neuron b) integration center c) effector d) sensory neuron e) receptor |
c) effector
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Match the following spinal reflex with its description: Stretch reflexes
a) Tests the integrity of the spinal cord from L4 to S2; causes a downward flexion of the toes b) Causes muscle to relax and lengthen in response to tension c) Important in the large extensor muscles that sustain upright posture and in postural muscles of the trunk d) A complex spinal reflex important in maintaining balance e) Initiated by a painful stimulus and causes automatic withdrawal of the threatened part |
c) Important in the large extensor muscles that sustain upright posture and in postural muscles of the trunk
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Which structure is involved in the projection level of motor control?
a) Spinal cord b) Cerebral basal nuclei c) Cerebellum d) Primary motor cortex |
d) Primary motor cortex
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Match the following spinal reflex with its description: Tendon reflex
a) Causes muscle to relax and lengthen in response to tension b) A complex spinal reflex important in maintaining balance c) Important in the large extensor muscles that sustain upright posture and in postural muscles of the trunk d) Tests the integrity of the spinal cord from L4 to S2; causes a downward flexion of the toes e) Initiated by a painful stimulus and causes automatic withdrawal of the threatened part |
a) Causes muscle to relax and lengthen in response to tension
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In a reflex arc, the __________ transmits afferent impulses to the CNS.
a) integration center b) receptor c) sensory neuron d) effector |
c) sensory neuron
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Which structure is not a part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
a) Brain b) Motor endings c) Sensory receptors d) Ganglia |
a) Brain
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