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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Which of the following is the blood vessel that distributes blood to organs?
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a) arteries
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2. This is a blood vessel that conveys blood from the tissues back to the heart.
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d) vein
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3. Which artery wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?
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b) tunica media
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4. This layer of the artery is composed mainly of elastic and collagen fibers.
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c) tunica externa
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5. When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle contracts producing
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c) a vascular spasm
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6. Elastic arteries function as a
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d) pressure reservoir
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7. These vessels make up the largest blood reservoir.
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d) Veins and venules
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8. This vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries.
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b) arterioles
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9. Which of the below is NOT found in arteries but is found in veins?
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valves
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10. Capillaries are also known as
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a) exchange vessels
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11. Which of the below is the most important capillary exchange method?
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a) Diffusion
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12. These control the flow of blood through a capillary bed.
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b) precapillary sphincter
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13. Continuous capillaries can be found in the following tissues.
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e) All of the above
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14. The alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis is called
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d) collateral circulation
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15. The largest factor that promotes reabsorption of fluids, into blood, from the interstitial fluids is
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c) Blood osmotic pressure
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16. The pressure driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called
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b) filtration
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17. This is the volume of blood that flows through any tissue in a given time period.
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c) blood flow
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18. Blood flow depends on which of following criteria.
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d) Blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance
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19. Which of the below would NOT increase blood pressure.
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e) Decreased cardiac output
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20. Which of the below factors do NOT increase systemic vascular resistance?
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c) decreased vessel length
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21. This depends mostly on the ratio of RBC to plasma volume.
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b) blood viscosity
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22. Circulation time
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c) in a resting person is normally 1 minute
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23. The cardiovascular center is located
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d) in the medulla oblongata
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24. Which of the below factors is most important in forcing blood flow through veins?
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c) muscular activity
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25. Which of the below would be the response of the body as a result of decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors?
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a) Increased blood pressure
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26. Which of the following hormones would NOT cause an increase in blood pressure?
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a) Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
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27. Chemoreceptors in blood vessels measuring high levels of blood carbon dioxide would NOT cause which of the following
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d) Decreased respiratory rate
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28. The myogenic response make smooth muscle
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a) Contract more forcefully when stretched
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29. What do these chemicals have in common: potassium, hydrogen ions, lactic acid, nitric oxide and adenosine?
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b) They are all potent vasocdilators
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30. Where can pulse not be felt?
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d) Capillaries
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31. This pressure provides information about the condition of the cardiovascular system such as atherosclerosis and patent ductus arteriosus.
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c) Pulse pressure
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32. This type of shock is due to decreased blood volume.
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a) Hypovolemic
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33. This layer consists mainly of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers that extend circularly around the lumen.
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b) B
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34. This layer contains a lining of simple squamous epithelium, a basement membrane and a layer of elastic tissue.
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a) A
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35. Where is the metarteriole?
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b) B
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36. Where is the capillary?
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d) D
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37. Where is the postcapillary sphincter?
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e) None of the above
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38. This type of capillary wall has an incomplete or absent basement membrane.
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c) C
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39. This type of capillary wall is commonly found in the kidneys, villi of the small intestine, choroids plexuses and some endocrine glands.
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b) B
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40. What does this figure represent?
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b) Skeletal muscle pump
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41. What do the following have in common: superficial temporal artery, brachial artery and dorsal artery of the foot?
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c) They are all pulse points
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42. Which of the following is not a response to hypovolemic shock?
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d) Release of vasoconstrictors
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43. All the veins of the systemic circulation drain into the
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e) Superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
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44. The pulmonary trunk divides into
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d) Right and left pulmonary arteries
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45. In fetal circulation what is the opening between the right and left atria called?
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d) Foramen ovale
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46. Which of the below vessels is a pulse point at the wrist?
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Radial artery
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47. Which of the below vessels supplies blood to the intestines?
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Mesenteric artery
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48. Which of the below vessels supplies blood to the kidney?
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b) Renal artery
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49. Which of the below vessels drains blood from the lower leg?
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) Coronary vein
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50. Which of the below vessels drains blood from the head and neck?
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) Jugular vein
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51. Which of the below vessels drains blood from the lower body to the right atrium?
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a) Inferior vena cava
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52. After birth when the umbilical cord is cut what do the umbilical arteries fill with?
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c) Connective tissue
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1. Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic and immune system?
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b) Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
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2. What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid?
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c) Location
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3. Lack of resistance is also known as:
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d) Susceptibility
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5. What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?
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d) Lipids
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6. Which of the following is not considered an organ of the immune system?
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e) Pancreas
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7. The left subclavian vein receives lymph from
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d) Thoracic duct
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8. The lymph from the right foot empties into the
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d) Thoracic duct
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9. The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in
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e) Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
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11. Which of the below produces the hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?
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d) Thymus
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12. In the thymus, where is it speculated that T cells die.
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d) Hasall’s corpuscles
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13. This portion of the lymph node does not contain any lymphatic nodules.
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a) Inner cortex
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14. Which of the following is a function of the spleen?
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a) Removes worn out blood cells
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15. Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier?
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a) Macrophages
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17. Which of these provides a non-specific cellular disease resistance mechanism?
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a) Macrophages
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18. These anti-microbial substances will diffuse to uninfected cells and reduce production of viral proteins.
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e) Interferons
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19. These anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis, phagocytosis and inflammation.
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c) Complement proteins
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20. These are mainly used to kill infectious microbes and tumor cells.
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a) Natural killer cells
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21. Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?
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d) Mucus production
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22. Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?
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c) Fever
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23. Which of the below do NOT induce vasodilation and permeability (increased fluid flow) to an infection site.
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c) Perforin
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24. When B and T cells are fully developed and mature, they are known to be
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a) Immunocompetent
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25. This induces production of a specific antibody.
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b) Antigen
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26. This can only stimulate an immune response if attached to a large carrier molecule.
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c) Hapten
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27. Which of the following is responsible for diversity in the immune system?
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d) MHC and antigen receptors
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28. This class of cells includes macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells.
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a) Antigen presenting cells
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29. This can only become activated when bound to a foreign antigen and simultaneously receiving a costimulate.
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b) T Cell
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30. These display CD 4 in their membrane and are associated with MHC class II molecules.
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b) Helper T Cells
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31. T Cells secrete this toxin that is used to fragment DNA.
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d) Lymphotoxin
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31. T Cells secrete this toxin that is used to fragment DNA.
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d) Lymphotoxin
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33. This class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secretions.
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b) IgA
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34. This will lead to inflammation, enhancement of phagocytosis and bursting of microbes.
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d) Classical and Alternative complement systems
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35. This action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis.
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a) Opsonization
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36. This is a self-responsive cell that is inactive.
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d) Anergy cell
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37. In the diagram, where do pluripotent stem cells come from?
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b) B
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38. In the diagram, where do T cells mature?
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a) A
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39. In the diagram, what is comprised of white and red pulp?
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c) C
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40. What does this diagram represent?
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Ans: The one-way flow of lymph through a lymph vessel.
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41. In the diagram this vessel drains lymph from the upper right side of the body into venous blood using a subclavian vein.
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b) C
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42. In the diagram these are the bronchomediastinal trunks.
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d) D and I
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43. In the diagram, what are the principle trunks?
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d) A,B,D,E,F,G,I,J,K
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44. In the diagram, this consists of a medulla, medullary sinus and reticular fibers.
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c) D
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45. In the diagram, cells found in this region include B cells, follicular dendritic cells and macrophages.
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b) C
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46. In the diagram, cells found in this region include B cells, plasma cells and macrophages.
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e) None of the above
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49. This is characterized by the inability of the immune system to protect the body from a pathogen.
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a) immunodeficiency diseases
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50. An acute allergic response can lead to:
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c) anaphylactic shock
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51. A natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to:
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b) B. Active immunity
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52. This class of antibodies is produced after an initial exposure to antigens.
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c) IgM
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53. Of the following which is involved in the body’s second line of defense?
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d) Natural killer cells
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54. Lymphocytes can recognize
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b) Foreign cells
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55. In B cell receptors, the light/heavy variable regions are located
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b) Tips of the molecules
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56. What is the most polymorphic molecule in the immune system?
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c) MHC
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57. The primary response will peak how many days after an exposure?
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c) 10-17
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58. Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader?
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a) Nonspecific
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59. This is the ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked.
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c) Reactivity
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60. This is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions.
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c) Cytokine
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