Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Epithelial Tissues
|
Line internal cavities and passageways and cover external body surfaces.
|
|
Simple squamous epithelial cells
|
A single row of thin, flat cells
|
|
Location of simple squamous epithelial cells
|
lines internal surface of ventral body cavities, blood vessels, and heart; parts of kidney tubules alveoli of the lungs
|
|
Functions of simple squamous epithelial cells
|
Flat shape allows substances to either diffuse easily through the cell or be filtered through it; secretion; reduces friction
|
|
Simple cuboidal epithelium
|
a single row of cube-shaped cells
|
|
Location of simple cuboidal epithelium
|
ducts of glands, parts of kidney tubules; follicles of thyroid gland
|
|
Function of simple cuboidal epithelium
|
secretion; absorption
|
|
simple columnar epithelium
|
each simple columnar cell in this tissue looks like a column, two types ciliated and non-cilated
|
|
location of simple columnar epithelium
|
ciliated type -- uterine tubes
non-ciliated type -- stomach, small intestine, large intestine, gallbladder |
|
function of simple columnar epithelium
|
absorption; secrection of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; movement of mucus by cilia
|
|
pseudostratified columnar epithelium (falsely stratified)
|
single row of cells, most have a columnar shape, shorter cells look like cuboidal
two types ciliated and non-ciliated |
|
location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
|
ciliated -- nasal cavity,trachea,bronchi
non-ciliated -- ducts of male reproductive tract |
|
function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
|
protection; secretion; movement of mucus by cilia
|
|
stratified squamous epithelium
|
bottom layer in either type is composed of cuboidal or columnar cells that are active in cell division
two types keratinized and non-keratinized |
|
location of stratified squamous epithelium
|
keratinized -- epidermis of skin
non-keratinized -- lining of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, anus, and vagina |
|
function of stratified squamous epithelium
|
provides physical protection against abrasion and pathogens to underlying tissues
|
|
connective tissue
|
primarily give structural support to other tissues and organs in the body
two most common types of protein fibers are collagen and elastin |
|
areolar connective tissue
|
random arrangement of cells, fibers, and ground substance
|
|
location of areolar connective tissue
|
beneath epitheliam tissues all over the body; between skin and skeletal muscles; surrounding blood vessels, within skin; around organs; around joints
|
|
function of areolar connective tissue
|
cushions and protects organs; its phagocytes protect against pathogens; holds tissue fluid
|
|
adipose connective tissue
|
a fat tissue composed of fat cells called adipocytes along with some blood vessels
|
|
location of adipose connective tissue
|
under all skin but especially in abdomen, buttocks, and breasts; around some organs such as eyeballs and kidneys
|
|
function of adipose connective tissue
|
protects certain organs and other structures; insulates against heat loss through the skin; stores energy as a reserve fuel
|
|
reticular connective tissue
|
consists of a network of reticular fibers, most common cell type is the reticular celll but it also contains fibroblasts and macrophages
|
|
location of reticular connective tissue
|
spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, and kidney
|
|
function of reticular connective tissue
|
fibers from a supportive net-like structure for a variety of cell types
|
|
dense regular connective tissues
|
composed of collagen fibers, two types dense regular connective and dense irregular connective
|
|
location of dense regular connective tissues
|
tendons and aponeuroses; ligaments; covering around skeletal muscles
|
|
function of dense regular connective tissue
|
anchors skeletal muscle to bone; attaches bone to bone; packages skeletal muscles; stabilized bone within a joint
|
|
hyaline cartilage
|
most common type of cartilage
|
|
elastic cartilage
|
most durable and flexible type of cartilage because of the presense of many elastic fibers
|
|
location of hyaline cartilage
|
covers ends of long bones in synovial joints; between ribs and sternum; cartilage of nose, trachea, larynx, and bronchi; most portions of embryonic skeleton
|
|
function of hyaline cartilage
|
structural reinforcement, slightly flexible support; reduces friction within joints
|
|
location of elastic cartilage
|
external ear; epiglottis; auditory canal
|
|
function of elastic cartilage
|
provides support while easily returning to original shape when destroyed
|
|
fibrocartilage
|
the strongest of the three types because of the presence of many collagen fibers
|
|
location of fibrocartilage
|
intervertbral discs;pubic symphysis; pads within knee joints
|
|
function of fibrocartilage
|
shock absorber in a joint resists compression
|
|
bone
|
specialized type of connective tissue that has calcified into a hard substance
|
|
function of bones
|
supports body and protects vital organs; provides attachments for muscle to form a lever system for movement; store calcium compounds and fat, marrow contains stem cells that produce all blood cell types
|
|
muscle tissue
|
three types skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle. Under conscious control so it is referred to as voluntary muscle
|
|
location of muscle tissue
|
all the major muscles of the body are composed of skeletal muscle
|
|
function of skeletal muscle tissue
|
contration of muscles (conscious control)
|
|
skeletal muscle tissue
|
long cylinder with a banding pattern and each band is called striation
|
|
cardiac muscle
|
cylindrical shape and a single nucleus per cell
|
|
location of cardiac muscle
|
only in the heart
|
|
function of cardiac muscle
|
contraction of muscles (unconscious control)
|
|
smooth muscle tissue
|
lacks the straiation found in the other two types of muscle tissue and each cell ahs only one nucleus
two types visceral and multi-unit |
|
location of smooth muscle tissue
|
visceral -- walls of hollow organs (stomach, intestines, urinary bladder, etc)
multi-unit -- walls of large arteries, trachea, muscles in the iris and ciliary body of the eye, arrector pili muscles that attach to hair follicles |
|
function of smooth muscle tissue
|
contraction of muscles (unconscious control)
|
|
nervous tissue
|
neurons or nerve cells are one of the fundamental cells in nervous tissue
|
|
location of nervous tissue
|
brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
|
|
function of nervous tissue
|
conduct nervous (electrical) impulses to other neurons, muscles, or glands to regulate their function
|