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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The substrate binds to what part of an enzyme? |
Active site |
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Entropy is a measure of: |
Disorder, randomness |
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How is your body able to counteract the effects of entropy? |
Food (dietary intake) |
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What is the ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth? |
Solar energy |
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Energy transformations are not 100% efficient; often energy is in the form of _____ is released, which fulfills the second law of thermodynamics. |
heat |
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The reactants in an enzyme catalyzed reaction is the: |
substrate |
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Biological organisms are ____ systems. ______ is exchanged between them and their surroundings, as they _______ energy storing molecules and release energy to the environment by doing ____. |
open; Energy; consume; work. |
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The sum total of chemical reactions that take place in cells is called __________. |
metabolism |
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A _______________ is a series of chemical reactions which modify a starting molecule step by step through metabolic intermediates, ultimately producing a final product. |
metabolic pathway |
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The stored energy of a molecule or object due to its position is called _________ energy. |
potential |
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Energy associated with particles or objects in motion is called ____________. |
kinetic energy |
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__________ energy, is the energy necessary for reactions to occur. |
Activation |
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________ pathways require an input of energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones. |
Anabolic |
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The study of energy flowing through living systems is called ____________. |
bioenergetics |
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Virtually every ____ performed by living organisms require ______, the living cells of every ________ constantly use energy. |
task; energy; organism |
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It is important to know that the chemical reactions of metabolic pathways don't take place ____________. Each reaction step is facilitated, or _________, by a protein called an ______. |
spontaneously; catalyzed; enzyme |
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Some eukaryotes perform catabolic processes without _______(fermentation); that is, they perform or use ________ metabolism. |
oxygen; anaerobic |
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Despite the differences between ________ and the complexity of _________, researchers have found that all branches of ____ share some of the same ________ pathways, suggesting that all organisms ______ from the same _____________. |
organisms; metabolism; life; metabolic; evolved; common ancestor |
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Gibbs ____________ is the usable energy, or energy that is available to do work. |
free energy |
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The measure of randomness or disorder within a system: |
Entropy |