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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What generates the formation of adaptations?
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Natural Selection
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The B blood type allele probably originated in Asia and subsequently spread to Europe and other regions of the world. This is an example of what?
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Gene Flow
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The apperance of a new mutation is what?
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Random Event
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An example of sexual selection
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The mane of a lion
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Not an example of evolution
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Mutations in an individual
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In evolutionary terms, an organism's fitness is measured by its what?
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Contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
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The original source of all genetic variation is?
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A mutation
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Because of human preditation the sizes of and genetic variation in populations of most whate species are declining
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Bottleneck Effect
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Progeny possess new combinations of alleles every generation
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Sexual Reproduction
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Many strains of mycrobacterium tuberculosis the bacteria that causes tuberculosis are resistant to standard drug therapy
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Directional Selection
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There are more than 750,000 named species of insects inhabiting a wide range of habitats
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Adaptive Radiation
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A recently introduced species of seed eating bird occupies an island where small and large seeds are available. Beak size in the bird population varies from small to large, allowing some birds to be more successful at eating large seeds. Birds with intermediate beak size m ust exert additional effort additional effort to eat seeds
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Sympatric Speciation
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Genetic Variation in a population of animals and plants depends mainly on what?
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sexual recombination
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Two animals are considered members of diffrent species is they what?
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Cannot interbreed
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Which is the first step in allopatrick speciation?
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Geographic isolation
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The evolution of numerous species such as Darwin's finches, from a single ancestor is called what?
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Adaptive radiation
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According to what model, evolution occurs in spurts:species evolve relatively rapidly, then remain unchanged for long periods of time
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Punctuated equilibrium
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Charles Darwin believed that large evolutionary changes originated from the accumulation of many small changes. Today this point of view is called what theory?
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Theory of gradualism
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There is a group of small fish living in a lake with a sandy bottom. Most of the fish are light brown, but about 10% are mottled. These fish are normally prey for large birds that live on shore. A construction company dumps a load of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a mottled appearance. Which of these statements presents the most accurate prediction?
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The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time.
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Which mechanism for evoution did Lamarck propose?
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Evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics
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The evolutionary effects of genetic drift are greatest when?
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The population size is small
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Blue poppies native to china are grown at a plant breeding center in California, where those with the thickest leaves survive and reproduce best in the drier climate. This evolutionary adaptation of the poppies to their new environment is due to what?
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Directional Selection
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Animals that possess homologous structures probably what?
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Evolved from the same ancestor
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Classifications of organisms that are based exclusively on the evidence of evolutionary relationships are called what?
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Clasistic classifications
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The earliest organisms were most likely what?
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Prokaryotic
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Prokaryotes that are similar in many ways to eukaryotes are what?
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Archaea
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Prokaryoes and eukaryotes have somthing in common what is it?
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Kinds of nucleotides in their DNA
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What was probably not present in large amounts in the atmosphere at the time life was thought to have originated?
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Oxygen
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Eukaryotic cells probably arose through what?
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Associations between diffrent prokaryotes
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The atmoshphere of early Earth probably contained no O2 until the emergence of organisms that what?
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Used water as a hydrogen source for photosynthesis
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The prokaryotic organisms most likely to be found living in extreme environments such as salt ponds are the what?
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Archaea
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E.Coli bacteria are found in the human intestines and are shaped as what?
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Bacilli
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The endosymbiont theory states that which one piece of evidence supporting this theory is the fact that what?
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Mitochondria and chloroplasts originates as ingested prokaryotes...mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
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Which of the following is a diffrence between plants and fungi?
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Fungi are heterotrophic and plants are autotrophic
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Fungi have cell walls made of what?
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Chitin
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Fungi cannot make their own food, and they cannot move. How do they obtain things to eat?
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They produce huge numbers of sppores and they grow rapidly
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Fungi of the phylum Ascomycota are recognized on the basis of their production of what during sexual reproduction?
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Saclike structures
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Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
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Bryophyta
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Ferns
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Pterophyta
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Cone bearing plants
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Coniferphyta
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Flowering Plants
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Anthophyta
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What is not a characteristic of all animals?
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They don't all have tissues, organs, and organ systems
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Soft bodied animals usually protected by a hard shell
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Mollusca
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Possess notochord, dorsal nerve chord, pharyngeal slits and postnatal tail
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Chordata
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Sessile with porus bodies
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Porifera
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Body segmented with many appendages
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Arthropoda
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Segmented Worms
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Annelida
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