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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Genetic change in a population over time defines?
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Evolution
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2. In 1785, the theory of uniformitarianism was proposed by?
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James Hutton
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3. The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of superposition was?
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George Cuvier
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4. The French taxonomist, who in 1809 was the first scientist to suggest that organisms that use one part of their body repeatedly would increase their abilities, was?
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Jean Lamarck
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5. The geologist who, in 1830, renewed the idea of uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was:
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Charles Lyell
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6. The scientist who published "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection" in 1859 was?
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Charles Darwin
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7. Most of the notes and samples that would serve as the seed of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection were obtained during a month-long stay at?
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The Galapogos Islands
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8.A gradual change from an ancestral type was referred to by Darwin as?
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Descent with Modification
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9. According to Darwin, natural selection usually?
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-Preserves favorable variations in a population
-Rejects harmful variations in a population |
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10. The relatively short term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is:
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Microevolution
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11. What are the observations of nature made by Darwin?
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-Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited
-More individuals of a population are born than survive to reproduce -Individuals compete with one another for limited resources that enable them to survive |
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12. The entire collection of genes and their alleles is a population's?
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Gene Pool
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13.The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is fittest and the environment selects against the others is?
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Directive selection
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14. The mode of natural selection in which two or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the intermediate phenotype is
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Disruptive selection
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15.The mode of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are less fit than the optimal intermediate phenotype is
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Stabilizing selection
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16. The three types of natural selection are?
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Directive selection, disruptive selection and stabilizing selection
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17. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium occurs only in populations that meet which of the following requirements?
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-Mutations do not occur
-Individuals mate at random -Natural selection does not occur |
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18. Alleles conferring red plumage to cardinal males are common because?
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Of sexual selection
& Red plumage is preferred by female cardinals in regards to choosing a mate |
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19.The percentage of Amish people having Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is unusually high because the Amish
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tend to marry amongst each other
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20. The bottleneck effect?
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Is one cause of genetic drift
& Occurs when many members of a population die, resulting in a great loss of genetic diversity |
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21. True/ False?
Evolution does answer the question as to how life originally began? |
False
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22. True/ False
Artificial selection is responsible for many breeds of dogs and cats |
True
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23. True/ False
Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time |
True
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24. True/ False
Evolution occurs in populations, not individuals. |
True
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25. True/ False
In an evolutionary sense, "fitness" refers to an organism's contribution to the next generation's gene pool. |
True
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26. Natural populations usually fulfill the conditions needed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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False
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