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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Risks of Cardiac Cath |
Stroke Infection Heart Attack Dissection Arrhythmias Dye Allergy Cardiac perforation Tamponade Death (1/75,000) |
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Left Heart Cath
Obtained from? |
Femoral Artery Brachial Artery |
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Left Heart Cath
Catheter used? |
Pigtail Catheter
Less likely to cause a development of arrhythmias. |
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Normal Cardiac Output is? |
4-8 l/min |
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What is the equation for Cardiac Output? |
Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
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What is the normal Stroke Volume? |
60 - 100 cc
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What is the gold standard for determining CO by cath? |
Fick (difficult to perform and expensive) |
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When can CO not be determined? |
Significant Valvular stenosis or regurgitation is present. |
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What is the name of the ratio comparing right CO and Left CO? What is the normal ration? |
QP/QS 1:1 |
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When will the QP/QS be altered? |
VSD, ASD, PDA |
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Which valve areas are usual assess by cath? What equation is used? |
Mitral and Aortic Gorlin Equation |
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What is considered helpful in determining the presence of a shunt? |
O2 saturation
if the O2 saturation is higher on the right side the 95% saturated blood from the left could be crossing over.
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Normal O2 saturation on the Left is? on the right? From the pulmonary Veins? |
75% 95% 97%
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During the A wave the Atria are acting as? |
A pump: this is the beginning of atrial contraction (after P wave on EKG) |
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During the V Wave the Atria are acting as? |
A Reservoir: this is atrial filling (end of systole T-wave) |
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At the Y wave the atria are acting as? |
A Conduit: Atrial emptying (rapid filling beginning of diastole) |
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When assessing CAD by cath what is the name of the Technique used to pierce the skin to introduce the catheter? |
Seldinger |
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When inserting the catheter into the femoral artery it is called? brachial artery? |
Judkins (MOST COMMON) Sone's
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Theraputic Modalities of cath are? |
PTCA = Balloon Angioplasty (stent) Atherectomy= Rotorooter shaves plaque Laser Angioplasty= laser melts plaque |
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Left Ventriculography is used to: |
Assessing AI and MR LV Size & Function (dP/dT) Stroke Volume EF |
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When can a patient not be catheterized? |
EF below 20% Renal Failure Low Potassium serum levels |
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Right Sided heart Cath is obtained through which veins? |
Femeral, Brachial, Jugular, Subclavian (MOST COMON) Veins. |
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Which catheter is used for Right sided cath? |
Swan Ganz |
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What can be accessed by the Swan Ganz Catheter? |
Central Venous Pressure RA Pressure RV systolic pressure Pulmonary Artery Pressures LA Pressures
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Coronary Angiography: Procedure |
X-ray of the arteries with contrast by catheter through the groin,brachial, or axillary arteries
Selective Arteriography = directly inserted into carotid |
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What is the computer process used to capture Angiography images? |
D.S.A= Ditgital Subtraction Angiography
Subtracts out skeletal structures to better visualize arteries.
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IA-DSA is? |
Intra arterial digital subtracting angiography |
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What are the reasons for doing an Aortography? |
Aortic dissection Coarctation Stenosis of Ao Aneurysms (better viewed by CT or MRI) |
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Venography is used to look for what? |
DVTs in extremities or abdominal veins Evaluate venous valves for insufficiency. |
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Pulmonary angiography is preformed how? |
Catheter is introduced through a vein and advanced to the Pulmonary artery where dye is injected and X-ray images are taken. |
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Pulmonary Angiography is used to detect? |
Blood clots in lungs or pulmonary embolism
GOLD STANDARD! |
