Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the three principal parts of the cell?
|
Cytoplasm
Nucleus Plasa Membrane |
|
What is the term for programmed cell death?
|
Aptoptosis
|
|
What is the term for cell death resulting for tissue injury?
|
Necrosis
|
|
The fluid portion of the cytoplasm is the?
|
cytosol
|
|
What are the 3 causes of cellular aging?
|
Free radicals formation
Cross-link formation between glucose & proteins Shortening and loss of protective telomeres on chromosomes |
|
T/F
Duplicated chromosomes held together by centromeres are called chromatids. |
True
|
|
The sodium pump is an example of promary active transport?
|
True
|
|
The basic structural unit of the plasma membrane is the?
|
Lipid bilayer
|
|
Integral proteins can function in the cell membrane in all the following ways
|
Channel
Transporter Teceptor Cell-identity marker |
|
Integral proteins can function in the cell membrane as an exocytosis vesicle. T/F
|
False
|
|
What 5 factors influence the diffusion rate of substances through a plasma membrane?
|
Concentration gradient
Diffusion distance Surface area Size of diffusions substance Temperature |
|
A cell would lose water volume and shrink if placed in a hypertonic solution. T/F
|
True
|
|
Define Hypertonic
|
Solution that causes cells to shrink due to loss of water by osmosis
|
|
T/F
Nucleoli within the nucleus are the sites of ribosome synthesis |
True
|
|
T?F
Most of the cell's hereditary units, called genes, are located within the nucleus |
True
|
|
In nondividing cells, DNA is found in the nucleus in the form of chromatin
|
True
|
|
Define Mitosis
|
Somatic cell division resulting in identical daughter cells
|
|
Define Meiosis
|
Reproductive cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes by half
|
|
Define Prophase
|
Stage when chromatin fibers condense and shorten to form chromosomes
|
|
Define Metaphase
|
Stage when centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at the center of the mitotic spindle
|
|
Define Anaphase
|
Stage when centromeres split and sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell
|
|
Define Telophase
|
Stage when chromosomes uncoil and revert to chromatin
|
|
Define Cytokinesis
|
Cytoplasmic division
|
|
Define Interphase
|
Stage of cell division when replication of DNA occurs
|
|
Define Codon
|
A transcribed sequence of three RNA nucleotides
|
|
Define RNA polymerase
|
enzyme that catalizes transcription of DNA
|
|
Define Intron
|
DNA region that does not code for synthesis of a part of a protein
|
|
Define Exon
|
DNA region that codes for synthesis of a part of a protein
|
|
Define Transcription
|
The copying of the DNA message onto messenger RNA
|
|
Define translation
|
Reading of messenger RNA for protein synthesis
|
|
Define messenger RNA
|
Directs synthesis of a protein
|
|
Define Transfer RNA
|
Binds to amino acids and holds them in place on a ribosome to be incorporated into a protein
|
|
Define Ribosomal RNA
|
Joins with ribosomal proteins to make ribosomes
|
|
Define snRNP
|
Enzyme that removes all introns and joins remaining exons
|
|
Define Promotor
|
Nucleotide sequence, located near the beginning of a gene, that indicates where transcription begins; RNA polymerase attachment site
|
|
Define Terminator
|
Nucleotide sequence near the end of a gene that indicates where transcription ends; releases RNA polymerase
|