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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An element is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances. |
False/Can't |
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On Earth, about 25 elements are essential to living organisms. |
True |
|
Only four elements-carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and nitrogen-make up more than 96% of the mass of a human. |
True |
|
Each element is abbreviated by a one or two letter formula. |
False/Abbreviation |
|
Trace elements, such as iron and magnesium, are present in living things in very large amounts. |
False/Small |
|
The properties of elements are determined by their structure of atoms. |
True |
|
What is the positive molecule in the atom? |
Proton |
|
What is the neutral molecule in the atom? |
Neutron |
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What surround the atom? |
Energy Levels |
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What is the center of the atom? |
Nucleus |
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What is in the energy levels of an atom? |
Electron |
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What is the maximum number of electrons in each of the following energy levels: first, second, third? |
First=2 Second=8 Third=18 |
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Boron has two isotopes, boron-10 and boron-11. Boron-10 has five protons and five neutrons. How many protons and neutrons does boron-11 have? Explain |
Five Protons Six neutrons |
|
H2O a liquid that no longer resembles either hydrogen, or oxygen gas. |
Compound |
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A substance that can be broken down in a chemical reaction. |
Compound |
|
Carbon, the substance represented by the symbol C. |
Element |
|
Found in the compound NaCl? |
Ionic Bond |
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Increases the stability of atoms? |
Ionic Bond/Covalent Bond |
|
Results in the formation of a molecule? |
Ionic Bond/Covelant Bond |
|
Is formed when atoms share there electrons? |
Covalent Bond |
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Why must chemical equations always balance? |
The law of conservation of matter. |
|
Which number indicates the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a substance? |
Subscript |
|
When is a mixture a solution. |
When the elements in the mixture retain their identity. |
|
What is the difference between an acid and base? |
An acid is any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water. A base is any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. |
|
In a water molecule, electrons are shared equally between the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom. |
False |
|
The attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen forms a weak oxygen bond. |
False |
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Because of it's polarity, water can move from the roots of a plant up to its leaves. |
True |
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Water changes temperature easily. |
False |
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Unlike most substances water expands when it freezes. |
True |
|
All objects in motion have. |
Kinetic Energy |
|
The first scientist scientist to observe evidence of the random motion of molecules was |
Brown |
|
The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called |
Diffusion |
|
Diffusion occurs because of |
Random movement of particles |
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When a few drops of colored corn syrup are added to a beaker of pure corn syrup, the color will |
Start to diffuse |
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Diffusion can be accelerated by |
Increasing the temperature |
|
When materials pass into and out of a cell at equal rates, there is no net change in concentration inside the cell. The cell is a state of |
Dynamic Equilibrium |
|
The difference in concentration of a substance across space is called |
Concentration gradient |
|
Carbon atoms can bond together in straight chains, branched chains or rings. |
True |
|
Large molecules containing carbon atoms are called micromolecules |
False/Biomolecule |
|
Cells use carbohydrates for energy |
True |
|
Monosaccharide |
Glucose Fructose Sucrose |
|
Dissaccharide |
C6H12O6 C12H22O11 |
|
Polysaccharide |
Starch Glycogen Cellulose |
|
Made up of nucleotides |
Nucleic Acid |
|
Most consist of three fatty acids bonded to glycerol molecule. |
Lipids |
|
DNA and RNA |
Nucleic Acid |
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Contain Peptide Bonds |
Proteins |
|
Produce Proteins |
Nucleic Acids |
|
Commonly called fats and oils |
Lipids |
|
Made up of amino acids |
Proteins |
|
Used for long term energy storage, insulation, and protective coatings |
Lipids |
|
Contain carbon, hydrogen,oxygen,and nitrogen. |
Proteins |