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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromatin
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structural component of the nucleus, composed of nucleic acids and proteins
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chromosome
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threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of DNA
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid
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molecules that hold genetic information
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diaphragm
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muscular wall that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
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metabolism
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sum of physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism
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organelle
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cellular structure that provides a specialized function
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levels of organization from least to most complex
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cell , tissue, organ, system, organism
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cell
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smallest structural and functional unit of life
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3 main parts of cells
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cell membrane , cytoplasm, nucleus
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tissue
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groups of cells that performs a specialized activity
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4 major tissues
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epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue , nervous tissue
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epithelial tissue
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secreting portions of gland and arranged in continuous sheets
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connective tissue
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supports and connect other tissues and organs
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muscle tissue
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contractile tissue of the body
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nervous tissue
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transmits electrical impulses
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histology
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The study of tissues
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organs
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body structures that perform specialized functions. they are composed of two or more tissue types
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body system
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composed of varying numbers of organs and accessory structures that have similar or related functions.
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organism
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The highest level of organization
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anatomical position
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The body standing erect and the face forward, arms by side, with palms facing forward
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common planes of body
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midsagittal, coronal, transverse
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major body cavities
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dorsal (posterior) , ventral (anterior)
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midsagittal
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median , right and left halves
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coronal
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frontal, anterior and posterior aspects
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transverse
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horizontal, superior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects
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abdominopelvic cavities
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quadrants and regions
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dorsal
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cranial & spinal
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ventral
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thoracic & abdominopelvic
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abdominopelvic quadrants
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Right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower
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RUQ
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Right upper quadrant
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LUQ
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left upper quadrant
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RLQ
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Right lower quadrant
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LLQ
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left lower quadrant
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Abdominopelvic Regions
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Right Hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right inguinal, hypogastric, left inguinal
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abduction
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movement away
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adduction
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movement towards
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medial
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midline
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lateral
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a side
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superior
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toward the head
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inferior
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toward the tail
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proximal
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nearer to the center
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distal
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further from the center
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anterior
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front
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posterior
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back
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parietal
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outer wall of body cavity
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visceral
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viscera, internal organs , especially the abdominal organs
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prone
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face down
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supine
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face up
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inversion
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turning inward
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eversion
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turning outward
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palmar
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Palm of the hand
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plantar
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sole of the foot
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superficial
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toward the surface (external)
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Deep
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Away from the surface (internal)
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spine divisions
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cervical (neck), thoracic (chest) , lumbar (loin) , sacral (lower back), coccyx (tailbone)
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cyt/o
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cell
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hist/o
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tissue
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kary/o
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nucleus
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anter/o
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anterior , front
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caud/o
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tail
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cephal/o
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head
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dist/o
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far
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dors/o
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Back (of body)
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infer/o
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lower back
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later/o
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side, to one side
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medi/o
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middle
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poster/o
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behind, posterior
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proxim/o
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near, nearest
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ventr/o
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belly, belly side
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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cervic/o
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neck
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crani/o
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cranium (skull)
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gastr/o
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stomach
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inguin
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groin
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jaund/o
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yellow
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idi/o
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unknown
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- genesis
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forming, producing, origin
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homeostasis
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stable internal environment
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disease
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When homeostasis is disrupted
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signs
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objective indicators that are observable
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symptoms
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subjective indicator of disease, only experienced by patient
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etiology
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The study of the cause or origin of a disease or disorder
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metabolic
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such as diabetes
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infectious
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such as measles and mumps
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congenital
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such as cleft lip (born with)
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hereditary
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such as hemophilia
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environmental
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such as burns and trauma
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neoplastic
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such as cancer
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diagnosis
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establishing the cause or nature of a disease
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prognosis
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predictions of the course of a disease
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idiopathic
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disease whose cause is unknown
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ascites
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abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
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edema
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abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue space
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inflammation
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body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain & sometime loss of function
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peritonitis
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inflammation of the peritoneum
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sepsis
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febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the blood stream
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suppuration
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producing pus
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anastomosis
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surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another.
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palpation
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gentle application of the HANDS
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auscultation
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LISTENING to the heart, bowel, and lungs with or without a stethoscope
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endoscopy
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VISUAL examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
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computed tomography
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generates a detailed cross sectional image that appears as a slice
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fluoroscopy
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technique in which the X ray are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structure in continuous motion
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magnetic resonance imaging
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technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field
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ultrasonography
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High frequency sound waves are directed at soft tissue and reflects as echoes to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure
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biopsy
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removal of a representative tisse sample from a body site for microscopic examination
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AP
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anteroposterior
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BX
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biopsy
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CBC
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complete blood count
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CT
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computed tomography (cat scan)
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DX
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diagnosis
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SX
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symptoms
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TX
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treatment
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eukaryotic
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cells with a nucleus
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prokaryotic
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cells without a nucleus
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cytology
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The study of the body at the cellular level
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histology
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The study of tissues
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