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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Potential Energy
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Stored energy that an object posses as a result of its location or structure
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Energy (Major)
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the capacity to perform work
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Kinetic Energy
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the energy of motion
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Chemical Reaction (Major)
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a process that results in the interconveresion of chemical substances
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Edergonic Reaction
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Requires an input of energy
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Exergonic Reaction
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A chemical reaction that releases energy.
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Metabolism
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The sum edergonic and exergonic reactions.
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Phosphorylation
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The transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to some other molecule.
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Energy of Activation
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The energy barrier that must be oercome before a chemical reaction must occur.
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Enzyme (Major)
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A protein miolecule that functions as a biological catalyst
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Substrate
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A specific reactant that an enzyme acts on
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Coenzymes
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An organic molecule that is a cofactor
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Inhibitor (Major)
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A chemical that interferes with an enzyme's activity
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Competitive inhibitor
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Completes with teh substrate for the active site on the enzyme
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A noncompetitive inhibitor
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It binds to the enzyme somewhere otehr than the active site
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Feedback Inhibition
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An inhibition where a metabolic reaction is blocked by its products
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Selective Permiability
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It allows some substances to cross more easily than others.
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Signal Transduction
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A message transfer when a receptor triggers archain reaction involving other proteins, which relay the message a molecule that performs a specific activity inside a cell.
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Difusion (Major)
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The spontaneous net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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Passive Transport (Major)
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THe diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
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Facilitated Diffusion
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When a protein makes it possible for a substance to move down its ocncentration gradient
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Osmosis
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The diffusion of water molecules across a selectiely permeable membrane
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osmoregulation
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The control of water balance
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Active Transport (Major)
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Requires that a cell expend energy to move molecules across a membrane against the solue's concentration gradient
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endocytosis
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A cell takes in macromolecules or other particles by forming vesicles or vacuoles from its plasma membrane.
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