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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many known chemicals are there?
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~30 million
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How reactive are alkanes?
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They're relatively unreactive
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functional group
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a group of atoms that has a characteristic chemical behavior in every molecule where it occurs
the structural feature that makes it possible to classify compounds into families |
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What's the name of the plant hormone that causes fruit to ripen?
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ethylene
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The chemistry of every organic molecule, regardless of size and complexity, is determined by the __________ it contains
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functional groups
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aromaticity
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a chemical property in which a conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibit a stabilization stronger than would be expected by the stabilization of conjugation alone.
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Draw an alkene
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Draw an alkyne
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Draw an arene
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alkyl halides are also called
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haloalkanes
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alkyl halides
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have a carbon atom bonded to a halogen (--X)
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alcohols
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have a carbon atom bonded to the oxygen of a hydroxyl group (--OH)
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ethers
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have two carbon atoms bonded to the same oxygen (--O--)
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x
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x
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amines
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have a carbon atom bonded to a nitrogen
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thiols
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have a carbon atom bonded to an --SH group
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sulfides
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have two carbon atoms bonded the the same sulfur
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disulfides
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have carbon atoms bonded to two sulfurs that are joined together
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Name the functional groups
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carbonyl groups
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functional groups with a carbon-oxygen double bond
C==O (pron car-bo-neel) |
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aldehydes
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have at least one hydrogen bonded to the C==O
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ketones
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have two carbons bonded to the C==O
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carboxylic acids
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have an --OH group bonded to the C==O
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esters
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have an ether-like oxygen bonded to the C==O
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amides
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have an amine-like nitrogen bonded to the C==O
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acid chlorides
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have a chlorine bonded to the C==O
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the carbonyl carbon atoms have a ____ charge and the oxygen has a _____ charge
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+δ charge ; -δ charge
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δ
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delta
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