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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The number and location of ________ determine an element's position on the periodic table and its chemistry.
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valence electrons
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Properties within a group are not identical because members have different numbers of ________.
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inner electrons
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Similarities between period-2 elements and period-3 elements in neighboring groups are called __________.
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diagonal relationships
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The representative elements have electrons only in the ____ and ____ shells.
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s and p
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TRUE OR FALSE: Because hydrogen has a single electron, it can behave as a metal and lose an electron or behave as a nonmetal and gain an electron.
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true
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Metals form mixtures called _______, whose composition can be adjusted to produce different properties.
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alloys
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What are the most abundant alkali metals?
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sodium and potassium
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NAME THIS ELEMENT...
-essential for healthy teeth and bones -most often found as (name) carbonate, which can decompose to form lime |
CALCIUM
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What kind of alloys is magnesium used in?
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lightweight yet strong alloys
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Name two functions of magnesium ions.
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metabolism
muscle function photosynthesis |
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p-block elements include what types of elements?
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metals, metalloids, nonmetals, noble gases
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NAME THIS ELEMENT...
-most abundant metal in earth's crust -more energy needed to extract it from its ore than to recycle it |
ALUMINUM
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Why are there so many organic compounds?
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because carbon can join with up to four other carbon atoms
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Graphite and diamond are allotropes of ______.
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carbon
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What two elements are typically used to make glass?
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silicon, oxygen
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TRUE OR FALSE: The d-block transition metals and f-block inner transition metals are less similar across a period than are the s-block and p-block elements.
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false
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What atomic property is directly proportional to the melting point of a transition metal?
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# of unpaired electrons in the d sublevel
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Ions with partially filled d sublevels often form compounds _______.
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with color
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In ferromagnetic metals, ions are permanently aligned in the direction of _______.
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a magnetic field
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Lanthanides are ________ metals with ______ melting points that are found mixted in nature and are hard to separate.
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silvery, high
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___________ are radioactive elements.
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Actinides
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allotropes
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forms of an element with different structures and properties when they are in the same state of matter
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metallurgy
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the branch of applied science that studies and designs methods for extracting metals and their compounds from ores
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mineral
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an element or inorganic compound that occurs in nature as solid crystals and usually is found mixed with other materials in ores
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ore
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a material from which a mineral can be extracted at a reasonable cost
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