Food And Nutrition Exam 1

a registered dietition

physiological drive to eat that is caused by cues such as a drop in glucose level

psychological drive to eat caused by taste

-carbohydrates

-lipids

-protein

-vitamins

-minerals

-water

-heart disease

-cancer

-stroke

-diabetes

choosing different foods

no over eating a single food

controlled portion size

very high in nutrients not a lot of calories

empty calories

intake of nutrients under body's needs

too much nutrients for the body's needs

recommended dietary allowance

adequate intake

tolerable upper intake level

dietary values

Estimated Energy Requirements

product name, manufacturers name, uniform, serving size, amount in the package, ingredients in descending order by weight,

adding a vitamin or mineral to a product that did not originally have it

adding a vitamin or mineral to a product that originally had it but lost it through processing

composed of cells that cove surface both inside and out of the body- lining of respirtory tract

supports and protects the body- stores fat and produces blood cells

designed for movement

found in the brain and spinal cord

responsible for blood circulation

contains lymph and immune cells

Regulatory system in the body

secretes regulatory substances (hormones in the body)

protects the body against invasion

saliva contains amylase (starch digestion enzyme)

transportation organ- epiglottis (flap folds down over trachea during swallowing)

food is mixed with gastric juices

-destroys protein activity

-activates digestion enzymes

-partially digests protein

-assists calcium absorption

-makes dietary minerals soluable for digestion

-chyme is moved through SI by peristalic contractions

- villi: fingerlike projections participate in food digestion and absorption

transports water to rectum to poop

diffussion of the nutrients across absorption cell membrane

carries proteins to help move nutrients down concentration gradient

carrier of protein and energy used to move nutrients

cell membrane engulfs the nutrients and brings it to the cell

destroys lining of organs

pain in upper right abdomin, removal of gallbladder fixes thisCy

will cause impaired digestion

having an allergic reaction to gluten

plants use energy from the sun to synthesis energy

1. fructose

2. Glucose

3. Galactose

fruit sugar

also known as dextrose, blood sugar, breakdown of starch and sucrose

found in milk

1. sucrose

2. lactose

3. maltose

glucose and fructose

glucose and galactose

glucose and glucose

molecules bond together and water is formed

long straigh chain of glucose units

high branches chain and makes remain 80 percent digestible

storage form of glucose

mostly made of polysaccarides but chemical bonds that join sugar units do not allow human enzymes to digest it

men- 38 grams

women- 25 grams

prone to ketosis that requires insulin therapy

formed characterized by insulin from pancreas, associated with obesity

diverse group of compounds that do not readily dessolve in water

1. trigylcerides

2. phospholipds

3. sterois