Fourth Year Introduction To Water Teatment And Impurities Of Water Ilm

Of all the water on earth, ____% is salt water and _____% is fresh.

Outline the water cycle

Water quality features can be placed in 3 categories.

What are they?

The 5 most common physical characteristics of water include:

Define Turbidity

Pure water should be (3)

A biological characteristic of water refers to living organisms that can be found in water.

These include:

Most important among the biological characteristics and viruses are the ones than can cause

Chemical characteristics can occur naturally or by man. The most common natural chemical compounds include :

Calcium and magnesium cause ______in water

What are ferrous and ferric Irons

Organic pollutants generally introduced to water system from run off. They include

Inorganic pollutants are minerals, salts, chemicals dissolved in water, fertilizer runoff from fields, mining runoffs, oil and fuel spills , sand and salt from roads , oilfield runoff and industrial waste.

Metals like _____,______,______ and _________ are examples of inorganic pollutants.

2.5% of the worlds water is fresh. If all the fresh water, how much is underground?

Unconfined Aquifers are open to receive water from the surface.the water table can fluctuate up and down depending on _______?

Confined aquifers are generally deeper than unconfined. They are generally covered by a layer of rock or clay that restricts movement in or out of the aquifer. The water is usually______

Confined aquifers are generally deeper than unconfined. They are generally covered by a layer of rock or clay that restricts movement in or out of the aquifer. The water is usually______

When a borehole is drilled into a confined aquifer the water will rise into the borehole. If and when it rises above ground level it is called a_________

Impurities of water in a deep well

Impurities of water in a shallow well

Impurities of water in rivers or streams

Impurities of water in Springs

Impurities of water in Reservoirs and dugouts

Analysis of water is critical before use of any supply. How often should testing be done for changes in a water supply?

Water must be tested initially for bacteriological and chemical contents by whom?

On site testing by water treatment companies can be done only for what?

Lab testing samples must be done in approved containers from local health unit. Standard procedure is as follows:

Basic on site test kits supplied by suppliers contain what?

A soap test can be performed to determine whether water is hard or soft

Describe the process

Three most common units of measurement of impurities of water are:

Conversion of gpg to ppm

Conversion of gpg to mg/l

List the 11 impurities in water

Hardness is the most common impurity in water. It is defined as__________

Water with over _______ppm of of calcium and/or magnesium dissolved in water is consider unusable but can be treated to be usable.

Problems caused by hardness ( 6 problems)

3 types of hardness

Define temporary hardness

Define permanent hardness

Why is permanent hardness a problem in steam systems?

Define total hardness

Define total hardness

Hardness of any type can be removed by what?

Deep well water is usually clear and colourless due to filtration taking place through the layers of rock and sand, but usually has far more minerals from dissolving them on the way down the aquifer, including calcium and magnesium. So _____________ are far more prevalent in deep wells.

Shallow wells and surface water have less minerals . The shorter distance it travels down the aquifer the less time and exposure to minerals is has to dissolve them. Shallow wells are more likely to contain ________,_____, and ______ from the surface because less time for filtration. Shallow wells are usually considerably _______than surface water.

Water hardness classifications in ppm or mg/l

Water hardness classifications in gpg US

Water hardness classifications in gpg Imperial

Edmonton city water hardness is at about ________

Environment Canada says water with Iron more than _____ppm starts to cause problems

Problems caused by Iron

Ferrous Iron sometimes called

Ferric Iron sometimes called

Ferrous iron can be removed with?

Ferric iron can be removed with

________ iron is a less common iron that is really difficult to remove

Ferric Iron is most likely to be found in ______ wells due to the lack of oxygen

PH stands for what?

PH stands for what?

A PH of ____ to _____ is acceptable for potable water

Each number on the ph scale is ___X more or less acidic than the previous or next number

To correct water that is too acidic we use what?

The most practical method of removing taste and door in water is ?

Organic matter should be handled with ________ followed by an active carbon filter.

Turbid can be measured by the amount of light that can pass through it and can usually be removed with a _______

Turbid can be measured by the amount of light that can pass through it and can usually be removed with a _______

Municipal water suppliers add Alum to the water. What is Alum?

TDS- Total dissolved solids is what?

Environment Canada stipulates TDS should not be over ____ppm

High TDS can be reversed by ?

Environment Canada stipulates that sodium in water be limited to _____mg/l.

Removal of sodium in water can only be done with ?

Ayer with more than _____ppm of Hydrogen Sulphide is considered objectionable

Biological impurities include forms of lower plant life and lower animal life. What are examples of each ?

What is the most effective method of removing biological impurities?

What is the most effective method of removing biological impurities?

Tannins can enter water from decaying vegetation giving the water a ______hue.