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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Vestibule: defn
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Internal to lips and cheeks, as far back as teeth
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What does a mucosa consist of?
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Epithelium and underlying connective tissue
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Where is masticatory mucosa present?
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Gingiva, dorsum of tongue, hard palate
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What kind of epithelium does masticatory mucosa have?
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Stratified squamous keratinized (parakeratinized)
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What is in the connective tissue of masticatory mucosa ?
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Meissner's corpuscles and minor salivary glands (mostly mucus secreting)
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What is parakeratinized epithelium?
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no stratum granulosum in this epithelium, and the cells in the surface layer retain their nuclei. very robust and tough.
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Where is lining mucosa found?
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everywhere in mouth except dorsum of tongue, gingiva, and hard palate (areas not involved with chewing)
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What are the minor salivatory glands in the connective tissue of lining mucosa classified as morphologically?
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Compound tubuloacinar
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What cell type forms <b>enamel</b>?
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Amelioblasts (lost as tooth erupts)
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What cell type forms <b>dentin?</b>
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Odontoblasts. They continue making dentin throughout life
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What forms the crown of the tooth?
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Enamel and dentin
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Layers of the tooth, from outside to in
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Enamel; dentin; odontoblast layer; pulp cavity
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What does the pulp cavity contain?
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Gelatinous connective tissue with blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics. Odontoblasts are at the periphery
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What are lines in the tooth enamel, laid down while tooth is developing?
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Stria
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What is cementum?
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Layer composed of 50% Calcium hydroxyapatite, and 50% organic matter (collagen, glycoproteins and proteoglycans)
Softer than dentin made by cementoblasts |
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What cells make cementum?
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Cementoblasts
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What separates the anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of tongue?
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Sulcus terminalis
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What is the type of epithelium on the tongue?
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Stratified squamous keratinized (parakeratinized)
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Where are tongue papillae found?
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Dorsum of tongue
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What are the 4 types of papillae?
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1) Filiform - flame like, for chewing, no taste buds
2) Fungiform 3) Circumvallate 4) Foliate |
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What type of papillae are flame-shaped, covered by parakeratinized epithelium, and have no taste buds associated with them?
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Filiform
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What are the most numerous papillae?
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Filiform
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What type of papillae are mushroom shaped, appear red, covered by parakeratinized epithelium?
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Fungiform
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What are the largest papillae, about 10-15 of them, mushroom shaped and surrounded by a deep furrow, with taste buds along lateral surface?
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Circumvallate
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What glands are associated with the circumvallate papillae, secrete serous, watery fluid to help wash out their troughs?
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von Ebners
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What types of papillae are taste buds associated with?
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Fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae
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What papillae are poorly developed in humans, contain taste buds, and are located along lateral edge of tongue? folded slightly, giving the appearance of a leaf.
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Foliate
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What CN innervates general sensation to tongue?
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CN V
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What CN innervates taste sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue?
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CN VII (chorda tympani division of facial nerve)
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What CN innervates taste sensation to posterior 1/3 of tongue?
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CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)
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What type of stimuli are the taste buds on the posterior 1/3 more likely to pick up?
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Noxious stimuli, more widely scattered
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Muscle innervation of the tongue
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CN XII
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Minimal physiological parenchymal unit (acinus + its duct that modifies the product)
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Salivon
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What type of gland is the parotid?
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compound acinar
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What type of gland are submandibular and sublingual?
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compound tubuloacinar
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What are the component cells of the acini and/or tubular glands?
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1) serous - parotid parenchymal, portion of population of submandibular and sublingual glands
2) mucus - only submandibular and sublingual 3) Myoepithelial cells - all three major types of salivary glands |
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What type of cells are found in all three types of major salivary glands, contractile cells with processes embracing secretory cells of acini?
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Myoepithelial cells
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What type of component gland cells are only found in submandibular and sublingual glands, show mucinogen granules in apical cytoplasm and prominent Golgi
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Mucus cells
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What type of component gland cells are found in only parenchymal cells of parotid glands but also a portion of submandibular and sublingual glands, release granules in response to parasympathetic nervous stimulation, and can form serous demilunes
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Serous
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What type of duct:
-simple cuboidal epithelium -most prominent in parotid glands -cells add bicarb to saliva |
Intercalated ducts (always intralobular)
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What type of duct:
-simple columnar epithelium -intensely eosinophilic (lots of mitochondria) -extensive cell jxns -75% of saliva -remove Na+ and Cl- from saliva |
Striated ducts
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What type of duct:
-may be either pseudostratified or stratified columnar epithelium -largest excretory ducts lined by stratified squamous |
interlobular and excretory
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What are the chief components of saliva?
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Water, proteins, electrolytes, IgA
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saliva: hypo or hypertonic
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hypo
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Difference between saliva produced by parasympathetic vs. sympathetic?
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Parasympathetic is waterier, sympathetic is thicker and more mucousy
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Which gland:
-compound acinar -serous acini only -striated ducts prominent |
parotid
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Which gland:
-compound tubuloacinar -serous and mucus acini (serous acini dominant) -striated ducts prominent |
Submandibular
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Which gland:
-striated ducts poorly developed -compound tubuloacinar -serous and mucus acini (mucus dominant) |
Sublingual
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What muscle makes up the lip?
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Orbicular oris
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What lining covers the inner surface of the lip?
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Lining mucosa
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What type of epithelium is in the vermillion zone?
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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. no hair
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What imparts red color to vermillion zone?
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numerous, densely packed Papillae of lamina propria allow blood vessels close access to surface
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What type of epithelium is in the mucosal surface of lip?
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moist stratified squamous
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Where are the labial glands located? What are they?
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They're minor salivary glands located on the inside of the lip in the submucosa layer under the lamina propria
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What type of secretions do the labial glands secrete?
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Mucus and serous. Ducts enter vestibule of oral cavity
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What is orthokeratinized epithelium?
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Same as skin (same layers). uppermost layer is flattened dead cells. abrasion protection
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What is parakeratinized epithelium?
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Surface layer of cells is partially keratinized; retaining pyknotic nuclei and organelles. often lacking granulosa layer.
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Which is pinker, masticatory or lining mucosa? Why?
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Lining mucosa. There is a superficial layer of blood vessels in the mubmucosa (not present in masticatory)
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Where is specialized mucosa found? What makes it special?
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Dorsum of tongue. Organized into papillae, some of which contain taste receptors.
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What is the lamina propria analogous to from skin?
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dermis
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What are the parts of the lamina propria?
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Papillary- more superficial
reticular - deeper and denser |
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Which layer is the submucosa underneath?
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lamina propria
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in what layer are the minor salivatory glands found?
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submucosa
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Where are the circumvallate papillae located?
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Along sulcus terminalis
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What layer comprises the bulk of tooth and is formed throughout life?
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Dentin
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True/false: Pulp chamber stays same size throughout life
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False. Pulp chamber gets smaller because odontoblasts build dentin inward
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What extends between the cementum of tooth and alveolar bone, suspending tooth between these two hard tissues?
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The periodontal ligament (PDL)
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What is the socket of the tooth called?
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Alveolus. Formed by alveolar bone.
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What is the hardest calcified tissue in the body?
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Enamel
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Is enamel replenished throughout life?
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no
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Dentin underlies enamel AND cementum: True/false
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True
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What is mineralized dental tissue covering roots of tooth, formed continously thru life?
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cementum
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Of all the tooth tissues, which is most similar to bone?
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Dentin
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What is organic matrix of dentin?
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predentin, secreted by odontoblasts
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Where does dentin formation begin?
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Dentinoenamel junction
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Which salivatory gland has most extensive duct system?
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parotid
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What are the smallest intralobular ducts?
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intercalated. they secrete bicarb ions and absorb chloride ions
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What do intercalated ducts enlarge to form?
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Striated ducts
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What do striated ducts converge to form?
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interlobular ducts
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How does the epithelium change as it goes from an intercalated duct to a larger intralobular duct?
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Simple squamous to simple cuboidal
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What is striated duct lined with?
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Simple columnar epithelium
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