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82 Cards in this Set
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- Back
causes of Salpingitis
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chlamydia and gonococcus
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common serous filled cysts usually near fimbria
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Paratubal cysts & hydatid cysts of Morgagni
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MC site of ectopic pregnancy
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Ampulla of fallopian tube
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MCC of fallopian tube causing ectopic pregnancy
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PID (endometriosis, leiomyomas, IUD, adhesions also causal)
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Triad of Pre-eclampsia
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HTN, proteinuria and edema
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Absence of decidua of endometrium so placenta adheres directly to myometrium: failure of placental separation
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Placenta accreta
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Often when placenta implants on scar (C-section)
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Placenta acreta
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Placenta previa
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placenta implants over lower uterine segment or cervix. During labor --> hemorrhage.
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Mech of Complete Mole
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: ovum loses nuclear DNA; sperm “fertilizes” with 23X, doubles to 46XX (Two sperm in the egg); all chromosomes are paternal!
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Rapid uterine enlargement to excessive size; high urinary gonadotropin
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Complete Mole
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2% of complete moles are associated with what?
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Choriocarcioma
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Mech of Partial Mole
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2 sperm fertilize ovum that retains its nucleus --> triploidy (69, XXY or 69,XXX) or rarely tetraploid (92, XXXY)
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Difference of partial mole vs complete
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Less > of HCG in partial and partial rarely leads to choriocarcinoma
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hydropic villi
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Mole
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Cistern formation
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COMPLETE moles
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Malignant transformation of trophoblastic tissue from any form of pregnancy
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Choriocarcinoma
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dimorphic histology (cytotrophoblasts & syncytiotrophoblasts) without chorionic villi
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Choriocarcinoma
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multiple follicular cysts and foci of hyperthecosis with stromal fibrosis
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Polycystic ovary (Stein-Leventhal) syndrome
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persistent anovulation, hirsutism (50%), obesity (40%), infertility
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Polycystic ovary (Stein-Leventhal) syndrome
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Mech of Polycystic ovary
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Excessive LH causes theca lutein --> androgens
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Most neoplasms of the ovary come from what?
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Surface epithelium
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MCT of Serous tumors
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Benign
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MCT of Malignant Ovarian tumors
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Serous
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fibrous stroma; transitional (urothelial) epithelium; usually benign
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Brenner Tumor
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Dermoid Cyst AKA
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Teratoma
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Karyotype of Teratoma
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46XX
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Dominant type of Teratoma/Dermoid Cyst
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Thyroid (struma ovarii) --> hyperthyroidism and will cause the native thyroid gland to atrophy
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A malignant teratoma will show what?
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more embryonic tissue (immature teratoma) may lead to seeding of the abdomen
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Identical to testicular seminoma
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Dysgerminoma
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What may you see in children with choriocarciomas?
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Precocious puberty
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Granulosa-theca cell tumors are derived from what?
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Ovarian stroma
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Call-Exner bodies that may resemble follicles
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Granulosa-theca cell tumors
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may stain + for Inhibin
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Granulosa-theca cell tumors
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Oil red O fat stain
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of luteinized theca cells in granulosa cell tumor or Thecoma fibroma
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Coffe bean nuclei with grooves and Call Exner bodies
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granulosa cell tumor
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hydrothorax, ascites & ovarian tumor
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Meig's syndrome associated with Thecoma fibroma
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Yellow colored deposition
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Thecoma fibroma
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What age group do Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors occur?
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young adult
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Reinke crystalloids
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Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors (androblastoma)/Hilus cell tumor
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MC mets to ovary
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uterus and tube
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Signet ring carcinoma
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Krukenberg tumor
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When gastric mucionus adenocarciomas met to both ovaries
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Krukenber tumor (simulates primary ovarian primary ca)
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Pseudomyoxoma peritonei from appendix may present with what type of mets?
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Ovarian
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MC precursor of choriocarcioma
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Hydatiform mole
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"honeycombed uterus" "Cluster of grapes"
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Hydatiform mole
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Tx of Hydatiform mole
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D&C and MTX
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Karyotype of Complete Mole
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46XX; 46XY
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Karyotype of Partial Mole
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69,XXX; 69XXY; 69XYY
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When is hCG >>>>>>>>, partial or complete mole?
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Complete
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Fetal parts seen, complete or partial mole?
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Partial (PARTial)
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2 sperm + empty egg
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Compete mole
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2 spem + 1 egg
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Partial mole
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Def of Eclampsia
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Preeclampsia (HTN, edema, proteinuria) and seizures
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What causes Preeclampsia/Eclampsia?
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Placental ischemia
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Defective decidual layer allows placenta to attach tomyometrium
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Placenta accreta (no separation of placent after birth)
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Attachment of placenta to lower uterine segment occluding perhaps occluding internal os
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Placenta Previa
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Endometrial bx shows decidualized endometrium but no chorionic villi
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Ectopic
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Gonadotropin and Steroid hormones in polycystic ovarian syndrome?
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LH, Testosterone and Estrogen are all > while FSH is <
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MC ovarian mass in young women
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Follicular cyst
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Distention of unruptured graafian follicle
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Follicular cyst
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Ovarian germ cell tumors are MC in what age group?
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adolescents
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Ovarian germ cell tumor with sheets of uniform cells; associated with Turner syndrome (XO)
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Dysgerminoma
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Tumor markers for Dysgerminoma
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hCG, LDH
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Malignancy of trophoblastic tissue; chorionic villi are NOT present
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Choriocarcinoma
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An > of what type of cysts may you see with choriocarcinoma
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Theca lutein cysts
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Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
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Moles and Choriocarcinoma
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Tumor marker for choriocarcinoma
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hCG
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Yellow, friable, solid masses with Schiller Duval bodies (resemble glomeruli)
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Yolk Sac
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90% of ovarian germ cell tumors
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Teratoma
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Mature teratoma AKA
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dermoid cyst
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Frequently bilateral and lined with fallopian tube-like epithelium; benign
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Serous cystadenoma
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General ovarian cancer marker
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> CA-125 (good for monitoring progression, not screening)
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45% of ovarian tumors
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Serous cystadenocarcinoma
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Psammoma bodies, malignant and frequently bilateral ovarian tumor
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Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
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RF for Serous cystadenocarvinoma
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BRCA1, BRCA2 and HNPCC
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Multiolovular cyst lined by mucus secreting epithelium ; intestine like tissue; benign
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mucinous cystadenoma
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Pseudomyxoma peritonei (intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material from ovarian or appendiceal tumor)
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Mucinous cystadenocarvionma
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Benign and UNILATERAL; looks like bladder
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Brenner tumor (solid and yellow/tan)
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Pulling sensation in the groin; bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts; Meigs' syndrome
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Fibromas
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What does a granulosa cell tumor secrete?
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estrogen (precocious puberty in kids)
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Call Exner bodies
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Granulosa cell tumor
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Krukenberg tumor is a GI malignancy that mets to ovaries cuasing a mucin-secreting what?
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Signet cell adenocarcinoma
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