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131 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following is FALSE according to the Discovery Channel's "The Real Eve"?
A. mtDNA is traced only through women (matrilineal) B. mtDNA reveals that "out of Africa" humans can be traced to a single woman (or group of women) in Africa dating 150,000 years ago C. the first humans appeared on earth 6000 years ago D. migrations into colder climates with less sunshine resulted in mutations of turning skin from black to white over a period of thousands of years |
C. the first humans appeared on earth 6000 years ago
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Which one of the following is true of Paleolithic:
A. means "Old Stone Age" dating from 6 million BC to 10,000 BC B. means "New Stone Age" dating from 8,000 BC to 3500 BC C. is the term for the paintings found on cave walls dating as far back as 30,000 BC D. means "Cave Man" referring to the time prior to the evolution of women around 150,000 years ago |
A. means "Old Stone Age" dating from 6 million BC to 10,000 BC
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According to palentologists and anthropologists homo sapiens originated in:
A. Iraq B. Israel C. Africa D. North America |
C. Africa
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Humankind's earliest technology was:
A. making fire B. inventing the wheel C. making musical instruments D. crude stone tools |
D. crude stone tools
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Which is true of the Paleolithic era:
A. there were at least four Ice Ages B. homo sapiens were the only species of humans to survive C. people lived in "kin groups" and tribes as hunter-gatherers D. prior to medical knowledge, women were honored as the creators and life-givers of new life E. all of the above |
E. all of the above
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Paleolithic cave drawings, such as those found in the Cave of Lascaux, reveal:
A. hundreds and thousands of animal drawings, many of which appear to be pregnant B. dance and prayer rituals held prior to and/or following hunting expeditions C. shamans, dressed in animal skins, took on the spirit of the animal or blessed the animal for giving its life D. the belief that humans, animals, plants, and nature are all connected E. all of the above |
E. all of the above
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The following image is:
A. Eve B. Earth Mother of Willendorf C. Goddess of Laussel D. Stone Age "playmate of the month" |
B. Earth Mother of Willendorf
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The Neolithic era brought with it:
A. agriculture B. pottery C. villages D. increase in number of goddess images as well as inclusion of male gods E. none of the above F. all of the above |
F. all of the above
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Which is NOT true of prehistoric burial practices:
A. belief in regeneration (the cycle of life from birth, life, death, and rebirth) B. womb-shaped burial mounds within caves and the earth C. belief that the good go to paradise and the bad go to eternal torment in the underworld D. dolmen tombs made of post and lintel type of construction |
C. belief that the good go to paradise and the bad go to eternal torment in the underworld
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Beliefs, traditions, symbols, material goods, etc. that are held in common by a group of people is known as:
A. religion B. anthropology C. culture D. civilization |
C. culture 100%
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Myth is:
A. always true B. always false C. a way for a group of people to explain the unknown D. believed to be true by the people who hold the myth E. both c & d |
E. both c & d
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In the Mohawk creation myth, how did the Great Spirit create humans?
A. from the rib of the earth god B. they arose from the mist of his breath C. he molded clay and baked it D. he gave birth to them |
C. he molded clay and baked it 100%
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Which one of the following is part of the Babylonian creation myth?
A. Marduk killed his mother, Tiamat who was the great Mother Goddess, and created the heaven and earth with pieces of her body B. The Mother Earth and Sky Father mixed water and clay together with beautiful blue feathers and created the ocean and land C. Coatlique became impregnated with a ball of feathers and gave birth to all the different races of people D. Aspu mixed clay with his saliva and formed human beings and breathed life into them |
A. Marduk killed his mother, Tiamat who was the great Mother Goddess, and created the heaven and earth with pieces of her body
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Which one of the following is NOT a theme from the Descent of Inanna?
A. a psychological descent into sorrow B. re-emergence from suffering and loss C. the cycle of nature; the withering of winter and rebirth of spring D. death and resurrection of the deity E. sacred marriage and sexual union of male and female energies |
E. sacred marriage and sexual union of male and female energies
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Enheduanna was:
A. the Mesopotamian goddess of fertility B. she is the first known author/poet in history C. the author of the Epic of Gilgamesh D. the first Assyrian queen |
B. she is the first known author/poet in history
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The 282 laws that are the oldest known written civil and criminal laws are:
A. Sacred Me B. Patriot Act C. Code of Hammurabi D. Holy Inscriptions E. Mosaic Laws |
C. Code of Hammurabi
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The MAIN theme of the Epic of Gilgamesh is:
A. creating loyal friendships B. desire and search for immortality C. God's reward to the righteous D. fighting evil monsters |
B. desire and search for immortality
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The Mesopotamian view of what happens after death, according to the Epic of Gilgamesh is:
A. good people go to heaven and evil people burn in eternal flames B. the pure of heart enjoy a glorious Afterlife C. people go into the grave and there is nothing else D. people are reincarnated into the next level of spiritual growth |
C. people go into the grave and there is nothing else
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the definition of "patriarchy" is:
A. a society ruled by women B. a society ruled equally by women and men C. a society in which all men hold all the rights D. a society ruled by elite men who hold the power and/or control over other men, women, children, resources |
D. a society ruled by elite men who hold the power and/or control over other men, women, children, resources
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Mesopotamia, the cradle and birthplace of civilization, is located in modern-day:
A. Egypt B. Kenya C. Iraq D. Israel |
C. Iraq
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Which two bodies of water boarder Mesopotamia?
A. Nile and Euprates rivers B. Mediterranean Sea and Nile river C. Euphrates and Tigres rivers D. Persian Gulf and Red Sea |
C. Euphrates and Tigres rivers
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The worship of many deities is known as:
A. polytheism B. monotheism C. naturism D. animism |
A. polytheism
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The deity named Sin was the Mesopotamian:
A. moon goddess B. sun god C. grain goddess D. god of wisdom |
A. moon goddess
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Cuneiform is:
A. Mesopotamian system of mathematics B. wedge-shaped writing that was written on wet clay tablets C. wedge-shaped writing instrument D. Mesopotamian musical instrument |
B. wedge-shaped writing that was written on wet clay tablets
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Which one is NOT true of Gilgamesh:
A. he was 2/3 god and 1/3 human B. his character was based upon a real king who ruled the Sumerian city of Uruk around 2800 B.C. C. he was immortal D. he was a tyranical king who endured suffering and became wise and kind |
C. he was immortal
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Which one is NOT true of Mesopotamia around 2300 BC:
A. patriarchal systems overthrew goddesses and goddess worship B. priest-kings, such as King Sargon, ruled with civil and religious authority C. women gained rights and status in every aspect of society D. the first empires were developed |
C. women gained rights and status in every aspect of society
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In the Epic of Gilgamesh who was Enkidu?
A. the evil and frightening monster of the cedar forest B. the god of wisdom who saved Gilgamesh from the flood C. the high priest of the temple of the moon goddess D. the man/beast of the forest who became the loyal friend of Gilgamesh |
D. the man/beast of the forest who became the loyal friend of Gilgamesh
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What is a ziggurat?
A. Mesopotamian writing instrument B. Mesopotamian pyramid-shaped, terraced temple C. Mesopotamian musical instrument D. Mesopotamian servant to the high priest |
B. Mesopotamian pyramid-shaped, terraced temple
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The southern region of Mesopotamia where the first evidence of civilization was found by archeologists dating to around 4000 BC is:
A. Assyria B. Babylon C. Baghdad D. Sumer |
D. Sumer
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Ninkasi was:
A. the moon god B. the goddess of beer C. the mother of Gilgamesh D. the wife of Hammurabi |
B. the goddess of beer
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Which is NOT true regarding Isis?
A. she was worshipped in pre-dynastic Egypt as the Mother of All other gods and goddesses B. She was worshipped for more than 3000 years and was adopted as a deity by the Greeks and Romans C. Over time she was demoted from being the Mother of Ra to the great-grandaughter of Ra D. She was the hippo-headed goddess of childbirth |
D. She was the hippo-headed goddess of childbirth
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Which one is NOT true of Aten (also known as Ra or Amon)?
A. He emerged from the rich silt of the Nile River B. He was honored as the nurse and protector of unborn children C. He waged war against his mother, Isis, and murdered her and placed himself as the supreme deity D. He was the Sun god who traveled through the Afterlife during the night and was resurrected each morning |
C. He waged war against his mother, Isis, and murdered her and placed himself as the supreme deity
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The ankh (a cross with a loop at the top) is an ancient Egyptian symbol of:
A. the death and resurrection of the savior god B. eternal life C. eternal torment D. the sacred union of man and woman |
B. eternal life
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Which one was a form of government in ancient Egypt?
A. democracy in which all people voted to determine who the ruler would be B. theocratic socialism in which rulers were considered divine and wealth was distributed among the classes of people C. republic in which representatives spoke and voted for the people |
B. theocratic socialism in which rulers were considered divine and wealth was distributed among the classes of people
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Egypt's pharaohs married and had children with their female relatives because it was a ______________________ society
A. patrilineal B. patriarchal C. matrilineal D. immoral |
C. matrilineal
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Hatshepsut was:
A. the first pharaoh of Egypt B. the great goddess of childbirth C. Egypt's first military leader D. a female pharaoh who ruled for more than twenty years |
D. a female pharaoh who ruled for more than twenty years
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The Valley of the Kings was:
A. a famous Egyptian musical group B. an area where unmarked graves replaced pyramids as royal burial places C. an Egyptian "Fort Knox" where the gold was kept safe and secure D. the place of annual festivities and celebration in honor of Ra and Isis |
B. an area where unmarked graves replaced pyramids as royal burial places
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The Book of the Dead was:
A. collection of funerary prayers that prepared individuals for judgment B. Holy Scriptures of the Cult of Osiris C. the book in which the names of sinful people were written for judgment day |
A. collection of funerary prayers that prepared individuals for judgment
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Which one is NOT true upon death in ancient Egypt:
A. the heart of the deceased was weighed against the feather of Maat (Truth) to see if it was pure B. dead souls recited confessions before Osiris and Isis declaring the purity of their hearts C. the pure gazed upon the face of Ra and enjoyed watching the torment of the wicked for all eternity D. death of the pure gained them access into the glorious Afterlife E. evil souls were devoured by the monster, Ament |
C. the pure gazed upon the face of Ra and enjoyed watching the torment of the wicked for all eternity
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The source of life according to the ancient Egyptians was the:
A. Red Sea B. Dead Sea C. Nile River D. Great Pyramid of Giza |
C. Nile River
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According to the Chinese, deceased ancestors:
A. were dead and in the grave as the Mesopotamian's and Hebrews believed B. acted as mediators in heaven and influenced human affairs C. were living happily in heaven if they lived good lives but suffering in hell if they had sinned D. roamed the earth playing pranks upon people |
B. acted as mediators in heaven and influenced human affairs
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In ancient China the dragon symbolized:
A. royal authority B. strength C. fertility D. all of the above |
D. all of the above
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Which one of the following is NOT true of rulers during the Zhou Dynasty of China (1027-256 BC):
A. they ruled by a sacred Mandate of Heaven B. their power and authority was the will of heaven C. the people chose the king through elections held every eight years D. to obey the king was to obey the pre-established moral authority of Heaven |
C. the people chose the king through elections held every eight years
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Confucius believed that rulers:
A. should exhibit high moral standards and live virtuous lives B. have absolute authority and power over the people with threat of punishment for disobedience C. were entitled to live lives of luxury and comfort in order to help them rule more effectively |
A. should exhibit high moral standards and live virtuous lives
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The Hebrews established the world's first monotheistic religion:
A. True B. False |
A. True
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The tribal Hebrew people originated in:
A. Sumer (southern Mesopotamia) B. Israel C. Canaan D. Africa E. United States |
A. Sumer (southern Mesopotamia)
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The word "Bible" comes from the Greek word "biblia" meaning:
A. Truth B. Holy C. Books D. Laws |
C. Books
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The Hebrews believed that the punishment for disobeying God was:
A. hell and damnation B. being given a miserable existence in the next life C. suffering would be passed onto the sinner's children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren D. death |
C. suffering would be passed onto the sinner's children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren
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Hindus belief of the Divine includes:
A. The divine cosmic spirit is present in all things throughout the universe B. the universe and all that is in it is sacred C. there is only one divine spirit and it has many forms and names D. all of the above |
D. all of the above
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To reach Nirvana one must:
A. take a vow of poverty B. become involved politically in order to create positive change in the world C. listen to the songs from Seattle's greatest band D. become unattached to the material world through meditation |
D. become unattached to the material world through meditation
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the Father, or patriarch, of Judiasm, Chritianity, & Islam
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Abraham
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introduced fundmentals of monotheism to the world
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Hebrews
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Torah
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"instruction"; the first five books of the Bible
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epic
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long, narrative poem recounting the deeds or journey of a hero in quest for meaning or identity
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pantheism
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belief that a divine spirit is inherent in all things throughout the universe
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Vedas
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"sacred knowledge"; Hindu devotional texts
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Upanishads
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Hindu teachings and writings that show people how to reach enlightenment through meditation
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Atman
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the divine "Self" that resides within every human being
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Nirvana
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the complete, blissful, and absolute union of the Atman with Brahman (the divine Spirit)
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Karma
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collective spiritual energy gained from accumulated deeds during one's lifetime
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Dao (Tao)
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"The Way"
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yin/yang
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the ancient Chinese perception of the balance between male/female principles & energies
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Which one is NOT true of Greek democracy:
A. all citizens had the right to vote B. slaves did not have the right to vote C. aristocratic women were citizens who had the right to vote D. landowning males over the age of 18 had the right to vote |
C. aristocratic women were citizens who had the right to vote
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According to Aristotle, how does one achieve happiness?
A. By being successful in business B. By fulfilling one's role in providing well for a family C. by fulfilling one's function which lies in the ability to exercise reason D. by fulfilling one's destiny which is to become one with the divine |
C. by fulfilling one's function which lies in the ability to exercise reason
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Which one is NOT true of the Greek gods and goddesses:
A. they determined the fate of humans B. they bickered and fought among each other C. they were always benevolent and protective of humans D. some seduced and had sex with mortal men and women |
C. they were always benevolent and protective of humans
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Ruler of the sea; often shown holding a trident
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Poseidon
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the Mother goddess of agriculture and grain
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Demeter
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the god of solar light (the sun god)
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Apollo
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the goddess of war and wisdom born fully grown and in full armor from the head of Zeus
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Athena
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King of the gods; the sky god; often seen with a thunderbolt
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Zeus
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Queen of the gods; sister/wife of Zeus
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Hera
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goddess of victory
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Nike
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Ruler of the underworld
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Hades
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god of wine and vegetation; the "party" god
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Dionysus
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messenger of the gods
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Hermes
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He was known as the "Father of Athenian Democracy" who initiated some of Athen's most sweeping domestic reforms such as inviting all citizens to seek public office, payment for individuals who served in the government, audit of finances of magistrates.
A. Socrates B. Sophocles C. Sappho D. Pericles |
D. Pericles
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In the Greek creation story:
A. Zeus created the beautiful Hellen from his thoughts and mated with her to create humans B. Zeus married his sister Hera and they created humans from the clay of Mount Olympus C. humans sprang up from the bones of Mother Earth that were thrown overboard from the boat built as protection from the great flood Zeus sent upon the world |
C. humans sprang up from the bones of Mother Earth that were thrown overboard from the boat built as protection from the great flood Zeus sent upon the world
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Oligarchy is:
A. a government in which power lies within the hands of an elite minority B. a tribal form of government which is represented by members of all class levels C. a government which allows for major decisions, such as declaring war, to be made by a council of women D. a government which allows for only those under the age of thirty to rule |
A. a government in which power lies within the hands of an elite minority
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Which one is NOT true of the domestic reform Pericles made for Athens:
A. payment for public officials B. auditing the government financial records C. offering opportunities and encouraging all citizens to seek public office D. giving women the right to vote |
D. giving women the right to vote
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denied possiblility of knowing anything as absolutlely certain
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Skeptic
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death is merely the rearrangement of atoms of which the body and all of nature consists
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Match the philosophical school of thought with the correct description
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taught that a tranquil mind and detachment provides harmony with nature and ability to endure hardships
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Match the philosophical school of thought with the correct description
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believed spiritual fulfillment is only possible when one renounces humanly constructed values and material wealth
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Match the philosophical school of thought with the correct description
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taught that a tranquil mind and detachment provides harmony with nature and ability to endure hardships
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Match the philosophical school of thought with the correct description
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The Socratic Method, also known as dialectical method, is:
A. A method of inquiry dependent upon one's own experience or observation B. Learning or inquiry based upon a method of question-and-answers C. A method of governing in the ruler petitions the people for their views on various matters brought before the Council D. A way of obtaining answers through looking at stereotypes |
B. Learning or inquiry based upon a method of question-and-answers
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
females are imperfect & incomplete males |
Aristotle
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
criticized democracy for placing power in the hnds of the masses of poor rather than with the middle class where it was best suited |
Aristotle
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
truth and justice are relative to individuals and situations |
Sophists
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
insisted that that there is absolute justice and truth (applies to every individual and situation) |
Socrates
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
believed people must examine their lives, ask questions, and "know thyself" |
Socrates
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
used allegory to tell the story of men in a cave as way of demonstrating that what some people perceive as "truth" is merely a shadow of reality |
Plato
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Match the philosophical or political view with the philosopher who held that view:
introduced the Theory of Forms in which there is a reality of eternal truths |
Plato
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Greek drama:
A. was associated with the worship of Apollo and Hera B. consisted of tragedy and comedy C. gave male and female actors opportunity for fame and fortune |
B. consisted of tragedy and comedy
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Which one is NOT true of the Greek Olympic games which began in 776 BC:
A. winners were awarded garlands and substantial financial rewards B. athletes competed in the nude C. women were not allowed to participate D. they were held in order to honor the gods |
A. winners were awarded garlands and substantial financial rewards
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Josephus attributed the strength of the Roman army to:
A. perfect discipline B. good wages and benefits C. a strong and intelligent Commander-in-Chief D. providing plenty of R & R (rest and relaxation) for the soldiers |
A. perfect discipline
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In an attempt to rescue Rome from moral decay, Augustus (27BC - 14AD):
A. encouraged marriage & legitimate children by withholding inheritance rights from bachelors B. believed the arts to be a waste of intellect and time and withheld funding for them C. ushered in a time of civil war and political upheaval that would last beyond his lifetime D. waged war on countries that he believed did not hold the same moral and religious values as Rome |
A. encouraged marriage & legitimate children by withholding inheritance rights from bachelors
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The Roman government "res publica" means:
A. a government ruled by the few elite B. a government of the people C. a government based on religion D. a government in which rulership passes through the royal family |
B. a government of the people
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Juvenal's view of wealthy Roman women was:
A. their education and upbringing made them equal to men B. luxury enhanced the beauty of women C. they were overindulgent, self-centered monsters D. they were the weaker sex that needed to be pampered and cared for by men |
C. they were overindulgent, self-centered monsters
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In ancient Rome, the Stoics believed
A. that people are born into different castes and must remain there throughout life B. those with the most wealth are able to become more educated and therefore are most qualified to rule C. that the world is governed by divine Providence and people are happiest when they accept their fate |
C. that the world is governed by divine Providence and people are happiest when they accept their fate
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wealthy class of large landowners
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patricians
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small landowners
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plebeians
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powerful, wealthy Roman entrepreneurs
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equestrians
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Julius Caesar's boast of "I came, I saw, I conquered"
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veni, vidi, vici
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the era of Roman peace for nearly 200 years ushered in by Augustus
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Pax Romana
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Roman law based on univeral principles
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jus naturale
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individuals should avoid budensome responsibilities, gloom companions, and excessive wealth
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Seneca's "On Tranquility of Mind
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Roman orator who encouraged civic duty
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Cicero
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a Roman literary device which mocks human imperfection through biting wit and comic exaggeration
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satire
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used satire to criticize the affluence and self-indulgence of Romans
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Juvenal
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The one who became the Buddha
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Sidhartha Gautama
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"Enlightened One"
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Buddha
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Buddhist practice which leads to insight, knowledge, to nirvana
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Eightfold Path
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Queen Maya
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Siddhartha's mother
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Buddhist instructions that were written from Buddha's teachings
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sutras
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beings who have reached enlightenment but, out of compassion, deny themselves entrance into nirvana
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bodhisattvas
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"Annointed One"
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Messiah
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small religious sect who lived in Judea who believed in the immortality of the soul, simplicity, and self-discipline
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Essenes
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Constantine's proclaimation of religous tolerance and an end to the torture of Jews and Christians
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Edict of Milan (313 AD)
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The Roman Catholic church's official statement of the belief in one God, Jesus, baptism, salvation and damnation
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Nicene Creed
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the Roman Catholic church leaders view that women are inherently sinful and dangerous, tempteresses and should have no place in the priesthood
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daughters of Eve
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wrote that the 3 temptations that endanger the soul are the "lust of the flesh," "lust of the eyes," and " "ambition"
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Augustine
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holy city of Islam
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Mecca (in Saudi Arabia
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Allah
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Arabic word for "God"
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"submission to God's will"
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Islam
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"those who submit" to God's will
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Muslim
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the Muslim drive toward spiritual and religious perfection
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jihad
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Muslim code of ethical conduct
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sharia
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Muslim prayer leaders
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imams
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scholars trained to interpret Muslim law
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mullahs
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pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca
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hajj
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founder of the religion of Islam
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Muhammad
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