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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Matn
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content, source
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Isnad
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narration, chain of narrators
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Main Themes of the First Sura
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Prophecy
Afterlife Monotheism |
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Main Shiite Sects
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Imām (leader)
Twelvers (group of twelve men through whom the line of authority is passed) |
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Etymology of Sufism
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"wool," both a form of torture and simple cloak
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Sufi Order
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"path defined" based on the principal of the relationship between the master and the pupil
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Kalam
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verbal discourse, started as a dialectal process
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6 Articles of Faith
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God
Angels Books Judgement Day Messengers Predestination |
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Three Main Schools of Islam
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Mu'tazilites: reason, radical irrationalists
Ash'arites: middle way, reconcile reason and tradition Ahl al-Hadith: traditionalists, any interpretation should follow the sunna strictly in terms of what the prophet said |
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Mu'tazilites
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-God is one
-God is just/good -Gives God humanistic qualities -Free will exists -Rationality/ Reason comes first, then comes Revelation |
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Ash'arites
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-God is all powerful
-God is the only creator -Attributes only exist because the Qur'an says so -Revelation comes first, then comes rationality and reason |
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Mufti
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private legal specialist who was legally and morally responsible to the society in which he lived, not to the ruler and his interests -his business was to issue a FATWA, a legal answer to a question he was asked to address
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Legal Scholars
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"author-jurists" actively extended from writing short bust specialized treaties to compiling longer works, which were usually expanded commentaries on the short works
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Qadi
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Muslim judge -was a member of the community he served & has to be intimately familiar with the local customs and way of life in the community in which he serves & was in charge of supervising much in the life of the community (buildings, mosques, relationships)
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Four Sources of Islamic Law
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Qur'an
Sunna Consensus Analogical Reason |
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Four Main Legal Schools
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Hanafi: started in Iraq & was later adopted as the school of the Ottoman Empire
Maliki: started int he Hejaz & immediately spread to Egypt and is now common throughout Africa Shafi'i: began in Egypt & later spread to Syria, lower Egypt, some parts of Yemen, Malaysia & Indonesia Hanbali: smallest of the sects and was strong in the city of Baghdad but now has a following in Saudi Arabia |