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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Connective tissue
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The most abundant tissue in the body,its supportive, protective & binding. Highly vascular, few cells (embedded in), lots of extracellular matrix, not on body surfaces
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Blast cells
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Young connective tissue cells. Loose/Dense-fibroBLASTS Cartilage-chondroBLASTS Bone-osteoBLASTS.Makes & secretes matrix
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Connective tissue matrix
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Matrix is secreted by cells of the tissue and determines the characteristics and function of the tissue eg solid, semi-solid, liquid.Matrix has two components-protein fibres & ground substance
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Connective tissue matrix-Protein fibres
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Strengthens and supports the tissue
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Connective tissue matrix-Ground substance
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Fills the space between the cells and the fibres and is semi-solid, solid, gelantinous or fluid, depending on the type of connective tissue
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Three types of fibres within connective tissue matrix
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Collagen, Elastic, Reticular
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Collagen fibres
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Very strong but flexible. Found in most connective tisuue, especially bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments
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Elastic fibres
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Also strong but elastic, meaning they can be stretched without breaking and will return to their original length
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Reticular fibres
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Very thin collagen fibres, that form networks to support tissue structure, eg reticular fibres form the framework of soft organs.
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Five major groups of mature connective tissue
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Loose connective tissue, Dense connective tissue, Cartilage, Bone and Liquid connective tissue
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Loose connective tissue
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Is further divided into -Areolar connective tissue-Adipose connective tissue-Reticular connective tissue
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Dense connective tissue
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Is further divided into-Dense regular connective tissue-Dense irregular connective tissue-Elastic connective tissue
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Cartilage
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Is further divided into-Hyaline cartilage, Fibro cartilage, Elastic cartilage
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Liquid connective tissue
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Is further divided into-Blood and Lymph
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Loose connective tissue
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Is a semi-solid connective tissue, & is softer & has more cells & fewer fibres than any other connective tissue type. It is the packing material of the body. The fibres are loosely woven between the cells
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Areolar connective tissue
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Is a soft, pliable tissue that cushions and protects the tissues and organs it surrounds. Very widely distributed, it functions as a universal packing tissue and connective tissue glue
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Adipose tissue
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In this tissue adipocytes(fat) predominate. It functions to protect, support, and insulate the body. It also stores excess energy
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Reticular connective tissue
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A delicate network of interwoven reticular fibres associated with reticular cells. It forms the internal supporting framework in lymphoid organs such as the spleen, lymph nodes and the marrow
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Dense connective tissue
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Also a semi-solid connective tissue. However its thicker, denser, contains more fibres, & fewer cells than loose connective tissue. It consists of collagen fibres between rows of fibroblasts.It creates strong, rope like structures like ligaments, tendons, fasciae & aponeuroses
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Three types of dense regular connective tissue
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Dense regular connective tissue, Dense irregular connecive tissue, Elastic connective tissue
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Dense regular connective tissue
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Has all of its collagen fibres aligned in one general direction & is therefore extremely strong in that direction. Forms tendons and ligaments
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Dense irregular connective tissue
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Has its collagen fibres arranged in different directions therefore not as strong in one direction, but can withstand forces from different angles. Forms heart valves, the dermis, & membrane capsules around organs
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Elastic connective tissue
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Contains predominately elastic fibres, which allow it to stretch and be flexible. Found in the lung & elastic arteries
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Cartilage
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A semi-solid connective tissue, that consists of a dense framework of collagen & elastic fibres embedded in a rubbery gel-like ground substance. Stronger than loose or dense connective tissue
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Three types of cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Elastic cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage
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The weakest, but most abundant cartilage in the body. Provides flexibility & support, & at joints reduces friction & absorbs shock. Found in the nose, anterior ends of the ribs, ends of the long bones
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Fibrocartilage
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Is the strongest of the cartilage types, found in the intervertebral discs, it gives strong support & helps fuse bones together
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Elastic cartilage
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Provides strength and flexibility and maintains the shape of certain structures such as the external ear
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BONE
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Bone or osseous tissue is a solid connective tissue. functions to suport and protect other body organs. It consists of bone(osteocytes) surrounded by a very hard, calcified matrix
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Liquid Connective Tissue
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Consists of cells within a fluid matrix. There are two types-Blood and Lymph
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Blood
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Consists of blood cells(red & white blood cells & platelets) suspended in a fluid matrix called blood plasma
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Lymph
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Consists of lymphocytes & granulocytes suspended in a clear liquid called lymph
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Muscle tissue
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Specialised to contract or shorten. Helps permit movement. There are three types Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth
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Nervous tissue
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Composed of cells called neurons, highly specialised to receive and transmit nerve impulses
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