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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lesion
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structural changes in the tissue caused by damage or injury
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name the 3 types of lesions
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primary, secondary, tertiary also called vascular lesions.
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primary lesions
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lesions in the early stages of development or change. characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles or pustules.
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cyst
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a closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin. an acne cyst is one type of cyst.
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macule
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freckle or red spot after pimple has healed.
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tubercle
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am abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule.
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wheal
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am itchy,swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite,skin allergy reaction, or stings. example hives and mosquito bites.
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hives
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urticaria.
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secondary lesions
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develop in the later stages of disease and change the structure of tissues and organs.
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scale
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excessive shedding of dead skin cells. any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily. example excessive dandruff or psoriasis.
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thick elevated scars are
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hypertrophic
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comedo
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a non inflamed buildup of cells, sebum,and other debris inside follicles.
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sebaceous hyperplasia
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benign lesions found in oilier areas of the face. donut
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seborrhea dermatitis
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characterized by inflammation, dry or oily crusting, and, or, itchiness. one cause is am inflammation of the sebaceous glands. red, flaky skin. common form of eczema.
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steatoma
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a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum and ranging in size from pea to an orange. usually appears on scalp, neck, and back. also called a wen.
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miliaria rubra
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prickly heat. Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands. results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure.
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rosacea
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am inflammation of the skin characterized by extreme redness, dilation of blood vessels, and in severe cases the formation of papules and pustules.
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an allergic reaction occurs when
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our immune system mistakes a substance for a toxic one. and initiated a major defense against it.
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the development of hypersensitivity is the result of
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repeated exposure to an allergen over time.
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caustic substances are examples of
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irritants
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what does histamine do
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enlarge the blood vessels around the injury. blood rushes to the area to remove substance. it also causes itchiness.
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abnormal pigmentation
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dyschromia
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2 technical terms for albinism
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congenital leukoderma or congenital hypopigmentation
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name two types of leukoderma
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vitiligo and albinism
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hypertrophy
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an abnormal growth. thickening of tissue.
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actinic keratoses
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pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions. they feel sharp or rough. they are a result of sun damage.
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hyperkeratosis
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thickening of skin by a mass of keratinocytes
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keratoma
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acquired thickened patch. calluses or corns
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mole
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pigmented nevus.
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impetigo
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bacterial infection. often occurs in children. characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions. extremely contagious.
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tinea corporis
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ringworm. ringed red pattern with elevated edges. highly contagious
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tinea versicolor
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pityriasis. fungal infection that inhibits melanin production. characterized by white, brown, or salmon colored flaky patches from yeast on the skin. sun fungus fades in the cold season.
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skin cancer risk increases with
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cumulative UV exposure.
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skin cancer is caused by damage to
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DNA. skin cancer tumors form when cells begin to divide rapidly and unevenly.
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basal cell carcinoma
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open sores,reddish patches, or smooth growth with an elevated border. shiny bumps, light, pearly nodule. sometimes blood runs through nodule. do not spread easily.
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squamous cell carcinoma
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red or pink scaly papules or nodules. open sores or crusty areas that do not heal and may bleed easily. can grow and spread to other areas.
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malignant melanoma
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many appear in existing moles. not always found on areas exposed to sunlight. deadly because it can metastasize. which means it can spread throughout the body via lymph and blood stream.
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A,B,C,D,E, of melanoma detection
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A. asymmetric. the 2 sides of the lesion are not identical.
B. border. border is irregular. C. color. usually dark and have more than one color that fade into each other. D. diameter. at least the size of a pencil eraser. E. evolving. changes appearance. |
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causes of acne
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1. genetics. 2. clogged follicles. 3. bacteria. 4. triggers like hormones, stress, cosmetics, skin care products, and food.
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pilosebaceous
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term for entire follicle. includes hair shaft, sebaceous glands, and sebaceous duct or canal to surface. the hairless follicle is the main follicle involved with acne
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sebaceous filaments
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similar to open comedones, small solidified impactions of oil without the cell matter. they can block the follicle and cause acne breakout. these are often found on the nose.
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male hormones
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androgen
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ingredients in cosmetics that can aggravate acne
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comedogenic. fatty ingredients such as waxes and some oils that can clog or irritate follicles.
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foods that can affect acne
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MSG, kelp, cheese, processed and packaged foods.
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clindamycin
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typical antibiotic. kills bacteria. very drying
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minerals that can affect acne
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ocean minerals. excessive iodine is excreted through the pores and thought to irritate them.
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