Mnt 1 Exam 1

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; a disease of the human immune system caused by HIV

against medical advice

fluid in the peritoneal cavity

bloodborne pathogen; pathogenic microorganisms present in human blood and can cause disease in humans; includes Hep B virus and HIV

basal energy expenditure

basal metabolic rate

blood pressure

Blood sugar

body surface area

blood urea nitrogen

a determination by the Joint Commission that an eligible organization complies with applicable Joint Commission Standards

coronary artery bypass graft; open heart surgery done to bypass narrow or obstructed areas to improve blood flow

coronary artery disease; a build-up of fatty material in the coronary artery that causes narrowing and a decrease in blood flow to the heart

complete blood count; a measurement of size, number, and maturity of different blood cells in a specific volume of blood

chief complaint

heart failure; a syndrome marked by weakness, edema, and SOB, due to the inability of the heart to circulate the blood adequately to the lungs and other tissues

aka congestive heart failure (CHF)

5% dextrose and sterile water

diabetic ketoacidosis; a dangerous condition in which the blood becomes acidic due to a buildup of ketones; it arises during severe insulin deficiency

diabetes mellitus; a chronic metabolic disease characterized by the body's decreased ability to utilize carbs

diagnosis related group; used to determine how much Medicare pays the hospital, categorizing patients with similar diagnoses

swelling that leaves pitting when depressed with a finger

vomiting

recurrence of symptoms after remission

waste matter, elimination

fasting blood glucose; preferred test for diagnosing DM; FBG greater than or equal to 126 mg/dl = DM

gastroesophageal reflux disease; a condition resulting in inflammation from stomach acid refluxing into the esophagus

glycosylated Hb or hemoglobin A1C; a blood test that measures average blood sugar over the past several months

health insurance portability and accountability act; security and privacy rules intended to protect the confidentiality of health care information

health maintenance organization; a specific plan identifying the form of management used by a health insurance provider

history of

height

high density lipoprotein; good cholesterol--returns low density lipoproteins to the liver for excretion

hematocrit; the percentage of RBCs in a given amount of blood; a measure of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

hemoglobin; protein in RBCs that transports oxygen and CO2 and gives blood its red color

hypertension

history

complications, injuries or unfavorable result that are due to medical care esp drug reactions and hospital -acquired infections

international classification of diseases, 9th/10th edition; diagnosis codes

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; ADA currently reference DM Type 1 vs IDDM as the preferred term

intake and output

the Joint Commission; an independent; not-for-profit organization dedicated to improving the quality of care in organized health care settings--major fxns: awarding accreditation decisions, providing education and consultation to health care organizations. previously known as JCAHO: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

electrolytes; electricity-conducting compound in solution; K, Na, Cl

mean corpuscular volume; measure of the average RBC volume/size

myocardial infarction, heart attakc

nasogastric tube

noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; ADA currently references DM Type 2 as preferred term as many ppl require the use of insulin who have this type of diabetes

NOS

nausea and vomiting

membranous lining of the abdominopelvic cavity

past medical history

excessive urine production

as often as necessary

preferred provider organization; specific health insurance plan where patients can choose their healthcare provider

preventative measures

Patient

status post (previous condition)

urinalysis

upper gastrointestinal series (x-rays)

natural waste product of metabolism that is excreted in urine

an approach to infection control which treats all human blood and other potentially infectious materials as if they were infectious for HIV, HBV or other BBp

other potentially infectious materials

by way of

vital signs

within normal limits

Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services; medicaid provides healthcare services to the indigent while medicare provides healthcare services to the elderly and some disabled persons

15 g CHO, 0 g PRO, 0 g FAT, 60 calories

12g CHO, 8 g PRO, 0-3 g Fat, 100 calories

12 g CHO, 8 g PRO, 5 g Fat, 120 calories

5 g CHO, 2 g PRO, 0 g Fat, 25 calories

15 g CHO, everything else varies

0 g CHO, 7 g PRO, 2 g Fat, 45 calories

0 g CHO, 7 g PRO, 5 g Fat, 75 calories

0 g CHO, 7 g PRO, 8 g Fat, 100 calories

g CHO varies, 7 g PRO, g fat and calories varies

g CHO, g PRO, 5 g Fat, 45 calories

1 alcohol equivalent, g CHO varies, 0 g PRO, 0 g Fat, 100 calories

15 g CHO, 3 g PRO, 1 g Fat, 80 calories

resistant to/no intention of change; lack of awareness, denial of problem, aware of problem but unwilling to change

personalize risk

raise awareness, provide personalized information of problem, allow client to express feelings about need to change

client has acknowledge need to change, but is ambivalent about it, has perceived barriers

increase self-efficacy

increase clients confidence (positive feedback, support groups), resolve barriers to change, emphasize benefits

client is making a plan to change w/in 30 days, considering changing food habits, intends to take initial action soon; believes advantages outweigh the risk

initiate change

set a specific action plan (small, specific, achievable goals); communicate intentions to family members or others (gain support)

client implements a specific action plan (up to 6 mos), new behaviors not yet viewed as permanent, relapse most likely in first 3-6 mos

commitment to change

focus on action-orientated strategies, including self mgt skills, reinforce decision and self confidence

communication of desired behavior; working to maintain behavior to avoid relapse

continued commitment

identify and plan for potential problems, explain that relapse doesn't mean failure, encourage support groups, reinforce self-rewarding behaviors, if ready make more dietary changes; set new goals, come up with more/new strategies

part of process of change, lapse is a single act; relapse = a series of lapses and loss controls

reinforce commitment

re-evaluate motivation and barriers, re-assess readiness, ID new coping strategies, reinforce importance of maintaining change

Current Procedural Terminology Committee; the national association responsible for maintaining the CPT coding system

describe the procedure or service provided by the RD; defines the code as an MNT nutr assessment and intervention; exist for initial and follow-up visits as well as group assessments/individual encounters

DRG

require greater specificity with regard to the degree of severity of the condition

low in anemia; % of RBCs in total blood volume

normal range for men=41-50, women=35-46

high late pregnancy, use of OC, viral hepatitis, and in Fe deficiency anemia as transport of Fe increases; low when visceral protein in is depleted, in chronic infection, malignancy; half-life of 8-10 days

half-life of 21 days, low when visceral protein is depleted, liver disease, malabsorption syndromes, scites, burns, overhydration, inflammation

half-life of 3-5 days, low when visceral protein is depleted