Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
179 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Reproductive organs develop with what system? The reproductive ducts include? |
Urinary system. Wolfian (mesonephric duct) and Mullerian Duct (paramesonephric) |
|
|
The Müllerian caudal and cranial ends fuse / unfuse to form? |
Caudal end dude to form uterus and vagina. Cranial end of the unfused ducts the Fallopian tubes. |
|
|
What type of uterus is there? |
Unicornuate uterus, didelphys uterus, bicornuate |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
What are the segments of the uterus? |
Fundus, corpus (body), isthmus, cervix, vagina |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
What are the segments of the uterus? |
Fundus, corpus (body), isthmus, cervix, vagina |
|
|
The lower uterine segment includes? |
Isthmus and cervix |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
What are the segments of the uterus? |
Fundus, corpus (body), isthmus, cervix, vagina |
|
|
The lower uterine segment includes? |
Isthmus and cervix |
|
|
What is the most superior portion of the uterus? |
Fundus |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
What are the segments of the uterus? |
Fundus, corpus (body), isthmus, cervix, vagina |
|
|
The lower uterine segment includes? |
Isthmus and cervix |
|
|
What is the most superior portion of the uterus? |
Fundus |
|
|
The cervix includes a internal and external os. Where is the junction for internal and external os? |
Internal os: junction of the endometrium canal at the isthmus of the uterus. External: junction of the cervical canal with vagina canal |
|
|
If there is a uterine malformation such as unicornuate, bicornuate, or didelphys, what should you assess? |
Eval kidneys for malformation |
|
|
What are the segments of the uterus? |
Fundus, corpus (body), isthmus, cervix, vagina |
|
|
The lower uterine segment includes? |
Isthmus and cervix |
|
|
What is the most superior portion of the uterus? |
Fundus |
|
|
The cervix includes a internal and external os. Where is the junction for internal and external os? |
Internal os: junction of the endometrium canal at the isthmus of the uterus. External: junction of the cervical canal with vagina canal |
|
|
This is a narrow portion connecting to the body of the uterus? |
Isthmus |
|
|
This is the largest portion of the uterus containing the uterine cavity? |
Corpus (body) of uterus |
|
|
What is the widest, distal, superior portion of uterus? |
Fundus of uterus |
|
|
What is the cornua? |
Lateral portion of the fundus. Connects to the interstitial portion of the Fallopian tube. |
|
|
What is the cornua? |
Lateral portion of the fundus. Connects to the interstitial portion of the Fallopian tube. |
|
|
What’s the tissue layer of the uterus? |
Serosa- outer Myometrium- middle muscular, homogenous. Endometrium- inner |
|
|
In the early proliferate phase 5-9 days what does the endometrium appear like? Late proliferate phase 10-14 days does endometrium looks like? |
Thin hyperechoic line. Late: triple layer |
|
|
In the early proliferate phase 5-9 days what does the endometrium appear like? Late proliferate phase 10-14 days does endometrium looks like? |
Thin hyperechoic line. Late: triple layer |
|
|
What does the secretory phase of the endometrium appear like? |
Hyperechoic, thick, acoustic enhancement posteriorly |
|
|
The endometrium thickness measurements for proliferate, secretory, post menopausal? |
Proliferate: 4-8 mm Secretory: 8-14 mm Post menopausal: < 5mm without HRT. |
|
|
The endometrium thickness for proliferate, secretory, post menopausal? |
Proliferate: 4-8 mm Secretory: 8-14 mm Post menopausal: < 5mm without HRT. |
|
|
Post menopausal endometrium thickness with and without HRT? |
Without: <5mm With HRT: up to 8mm |
|
|
Uterus is posterior to? Uterus is anterior to? Uterus is located in true or false pelvis? |
Uterus posterior to bladder. Anterior to sigmoid colon/ rectum. True pelvis |
|
|
Uterus is posterior to? Uterus is anterior to? Uterus is located in true or false pelvis? |
Uterus posterior to bladder. Anterior to sigmoid colon/ rectum. True pelvis |
|
|
Cervix is held in place by which ligaments? Uterus is held in place by which ligaments? |
Cervix held by Uterosacral ligaments Uterus held by round and broad ligaments. |
|
|
What’s the most common uterus position? |
Anteverted and anteflexed |
|
|
Anteverted and anteflexed means? |
Body and fundus are anterior to cervix |
|
|
Fundus / body flexed towards bladder? |
Anteflexed |
|
|
Fundus / body flexed towards bladder? |
Anteflexed |
|
|
Fundus and body flexed posterior? |
Retroflexed |
|
|
Fundus / body flexed towards bladder? |
Anteflexed |
|
|
Fundus and body flexed posterior? |
Retroflexed |
|
|
Fundus, body, cx tilt posterior? |
Retroverted |
|
|
Uterus size for prepuberty? |
Length: 1-3 cm Height: 0.5 cm- 1cm Width: 0.5-1cm |
|
|
Uterus size for prepuberty? |
Length: 1-3 cm Height: 0.5 cm- 1cm Width: 0.5-1cm |
|
|
Menstrual age uterus size? |
Length: 6-8 cm Height: 3-5 cm Width: 3-5 cm |
|
|
Multiparous menstrual uterus size? |
L= 6-8 cm [can be 8-10 cm] Height= 3-5 cm [5-7cm] Width= 3-5 cm [5-7 cm] All these dimensions increase by 2cm |
|
|
Postmenopausal uterus size? |
Length: 3-5 cm Height: 2-3cm Width: 2-3 cm |
|
|
Postmenopausal uterus size? |
Length: 3-5 cm Height: 2-3cm Width: 2-3 cm |
|
|
Postpartum uterus size tip? |
Post delivery, uterus size enlarged 4-8 weeks after. |
|
|
Postmenopausal uterus size? |
Length: 3-5 cm Height: 2-3cm Width: 2-3 cm |
|
|
Postpartum uterus size tip? |
Post delivery, uterus size enlarged 4-8 weeks after. |
|
|
This is highly reflective canal, hypoechoic outer muscular layer. |
Vagina |
|
|
Ovaries covered by peritoneum? |
No. |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Ovarian volume for premenarchal, menarchal, postmenopausal? |
Premenarchal: 3 cubic meter Menarchal: 10 cubic meter; upper limit 18-22. Postmenopausal: 5.8 cubic meter. (> 8 cubic meter abnormal) |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Ovarian volume for premenarchal, menarchal, postmenopausal? |
Premenarchal: 3 cubic meter Menarchal: 10 cubic meter; upper limit 18-22. Postmenopausal: 5.8 cubic meter. (> 8 cubic meter abnormal) |
|
|
Where is the ovaries located? |
In the adnexa of the true pelvis. Lateral to uterus and posterior to Fallopian tube and broad ligament. |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Ovarian volume for premenarchal, menarchal, postmenopausal? |
Premenarchal: 3 cubic meter Menarchal: 10 cubic meter; upper limit 18-22. Postmenopausal: 5.8 cubic meter. (> 8 cubic meter abnormal) |
|
|
Where is the ovaries located? |
In the adnexa of the true pelvis. Lateral to uterus and posterior to Fallopian tube and broad ligament. |
|
|
Ovaries retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal |
Intraperitoneal |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Ovarian volume for premenarchal, menarchal, postmenopausal? |
Premenarchal: 3 cubic meter Menarchal: 10 cubic meter; upper limit 18-22. Postmenopausal: 5.8 cubic meter. (> 8 cubic meter abnormal) |
|
|
Where is the ovaries located? |
In the adnexa of the true pelvis. Lateral to uterus and posterior to Fallopian tube and broad ligament. |
|
|
Ovaries retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal |
Intraperitoneal |
|
|
Where are ovaries in reference to internal iliac artery and veins? |
Anterior |
|
|
Outer cortex if ovaries are? |
Fibrous capsule, Tunica albuginea |
|
|
Menopause, ovaries increase or decrease in size? |
Decrease (atrophy) |
|
|
To find Ovarian volume? |
LxWxHx0.523 |
|
|
Ovarian volume for premenarchal, menarchal, postmenopausal? |
Premenarchal: 3 cubic meter Menarchal: 10 cubic meter; upper limit 18-22. Postmenopausal: 5.8 cubic meter. (> 8 cubic meter abnormal) |
|
|
Where is the ovaries located? |
In the adnexa of the true pelvis. Lateral to uterus and posterior to Fallopian tube and broad ligament. |
|
|
Ovaries retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal |
Intraperitoneal |
|
|
Where are ovaries in reference to internal iliac artery and veins? |
Anterior |
|
|
Dominant follicle measure? |
2.0-2.5 cm. If 3 cm then a cyst |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
Fallopian tubes location? Posterior to? Open into what cavity? |
Extend from cornua of uterus laterally to the cul de sac near ovaries. Posterior to uterus. Peritoneal cavity |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
Fallopian tubes location? Posterior to? Open into what cavity? |
Extend from cornua of uterus laterally to the cul de sac bear ovaries. Posterior to uterus. Peritoneal cavity |
|
|
What is it called when fluid in Fallopian tube? |
Hydrosalpinx |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
Fallopian tubes location? Posterior to? Open into what cavity? |
Extend from cornua of uterus laterally to the cul de sac bear ovaries. Posterior to uterus. Peritoneal cavity |
|
|
What is it called when fluid in Fallopian tube? |
Hydrosalpinx |
|
|
What are the supporting pelvic structures of the uterus? |
(Bony pelvis.) Sacrum and coccyx form the posterior wall. Innominate bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis bone) form anterior and lateral margins of the pelvis. |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
Fallopian tubes location? Posterior to? Open into what cavity? |
Extend from cornua of uterus laterally to the cul de sac bear ovaries. Posterior to uterus. Peritoneal cavity |
|
|
What is it called when fluid in Fallopian tube? |
Hydrosalpinx |
|
|
What are the supporting pelvic structures of the uterus? |
(Bony pelvis.) Sacrum and coccyx form the posterior wall. Innominate bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis bone) form anterior and lateral margins of the pelvis. |
|
|
Differentiate the greater and lesser pelvis? |
Greater pelvis is the false pelvis. Mainly contains bowel. Superior to the pelvis brim. Lesser pelvis is the true pelvis. It contains the uterus, ovaries and adnexa. Interior to pelvic brim. Most inferior portion of the body cavity. |
|
|
This is seen near ovulation, irregular borders on ovary. Hemorrhage might appear as low level echoes in the structure. |
Corpus luteum |
|
|
The Fallopian tube has how many layers? |
3 layers; outer (serosa), middle (muscular layer), inner (muscosal; continuous with uterine lining.) |
|
|
Fallopian tube size in length and diameter? |
Length: 7-12 cm Diameter: 8-10mm |
|
|
Fallopian tubes location? Posterior to? Open into what cavity? |
Extend from cornua of uterus laterally to the cul de sac bear ovaries. Posterior to uterus. Peritoneal cavity |
|
|
What is it called when fluid in Fallopian tube? |
Hydrosalpinx |
|
|
What are the supporting pelvic structures of the uterus? |
(Bony pelvis.) Sacrum and coccyx form the posterior wall. Innominate bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis bone) form anterior and lateral margins of the pelvis. |
|
|
Differentiate the greater and lesser pelvis? |
Greater pelvis is the false pelvis. Mainly contains bowel. Superior to the pelvis brim. Lesser pelvis is the true pelvis. It contains the uterus, ovaries and adnexa. Interior to pelvic brim. Most inferior portion of the body cavity. |
|
|
What are the ligaments in the uterus? |
Broad, cardinal, round, and uterosacral ligaments |
|
|
This ligament attached at the uterine isthmus, helps anchor the cervix. |
Cardinal ligament |
|
|
This ligament extends posterior lateral from the supravaginal cervix and inserts over the sacrum, helps anchor the cervix. |
Uterosacral ligament |
|
|
Two fibrous cords anterior and inferior to the Fallopian tube between the layers of the broad ligament. |
Round ligament |
|
|
This ligament extends lateral part of the uterus. It drapes over the uterus and Fallopian tube. |
Broad ligament |
|
|
What are the potential spaces around the uterus anatomy? |
Posterior cul de sac, (rectouterine space or pouch of Douglas) Anterior cul de sac (Vesicouterine pouch) Space of Retzius (prevesical or retropubic space) |
|
|
What are the potential spaces around the uterus anatomy? |
Posterior cul de sac, (rectouterine space or pouch of Douglas) Anterior cul de sac (Vesicouterine pouch) Space of Retzius (prevesical or retropubic space) |
|
|
Hematoma, abscess may be seen in this potential space and it tends to displace the bladder posteriorly. |
Space of Retzius |
|
|
What are the potential spaces around the uterus anatomy? |
Posterior cul de sac, (rectouterine space or pouch of Douglas) Anterior cul de sac (Vesicouterine pouch) Space of Retzius (prevesical or retropubic space) |
|
|
Hematoma, abscess may be seen in this potential space and it tends to displace the bladder posteriorly. |
Space of Retzius |
|
|
Ovarian arteries originate off? Ovaries receive flow from what else? |
Abdominal aorta. Uterine artery for |
|
|
What are the potential spaces around the uterus anatomy? |
Posterior cul de sac, (rectouterine space or pouch of Douglas) Anterior cul de sac (Vesicouterine pouch) Space of Retzius (prevesical or retropubic space) |
|
|
Hematoma, abscess may be seen in this potential space and it tends to displace the bladder posteriorly. |
Space of Retzius |
|
|
Ovarian arteries originate off? Ovaries receive flow from what else? |
Abdominal aorta. Uterine artery for |
|
|
The uterine artery comes off what branch? |
Abdominal aorta bifurcated to common iliac arteries, bifurcate to external and internal arteries. The uterine branch off the internal iliac arteries. |
|
|
What are the potential spaces around the uterus anatomy? |
Posterior cul de sac, (rectouterine space or pouch of Douglas) Anterior cul de sac (Vesicouterine pouch) Space of Retzius (prevesical or retropubic space) |
|
|
Hematoma, abscess may be seen in this potential space and it tends to displace the bladder posteriorly. |
Space of Retzius |
|
|
Ovarian arteries originate off? Ovaries receive flow from what else? |
Abdominal aorta. Uterine artery for |
|
|
The uterine artery comes off what branch? |
Abdominal aorta bifurcated to common iliac arteries, bifurcate to external and internal arteries. The uterine branch off the internal iliac arteries. |
|
|
Right ovarian and left ovarian drain? |
Rt ovarian drain to IVC and Lt ovarian drain to left renal vein. |
|
|
Of the uterus, the peripheral / outer of myometrium has what vascular structures? |
arcuate arteries |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arteries puncture endometrium reaching the basal layer, which arteries are they? |
Straight artery |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arteries puncture endometrium reaching the basal layer, which arteries are they? |
Straight artery |
|
|
Straight arteries branch out to which vessels? They constrict during menses. |
Spiral arteries |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arteries puncture endometrium reaching the basal layer, which arteries are they? |
Straight artery |
|
|
Straight arteries branch out to which vessels? They constrict during menses. |
Spiral arteries |
|
|
When doppler involves the uterus, you evaluate? |
S/D ratio, PI, and RI |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arteries puncture endometrium reaching the basal layer, which arteries are they? |
Straight artery |
|
|
Straight arteries branch out to which vessels? They constrict during menses. |
Spiral arteries |
|
|
When doppler involves the uterus, you evaluate? |
S/D ratio, PI, and RI |
|
|
Where is the uterine artery located? |
Found lateral to the uterine body around the level of the isthmus |
|
|
Arcuate arteries branch out toward myometrium; these vessels that cross the myometrium are called? |
Radial arteries |
|
|
Arteries puncture endometrium reaching the basal layer, which arteries are they? |
Straight artery |
|
|
Straight arteries branch out to which vessels? They constrict during menses. |
Spiral arteries |
|
|
When doppler involves the uterus, you evaluate? |
S/D ratio, PI, and RI |
|
|
Where is the uterine artery located? |
Found lateral to the uterine body around the level of the isthmus |
|
|
Normal RI during reproductive age is? How is resistive index during proliferative phase? Resistive index remain the same, increase, decrease during pregnancy? |
0.86 Higher RI Decrease significantly |
|
|
What is the normal postmenopausal RI? |
0.89 |
|
|
What is the normal postmenopausal RI? |
0.89 |
|
|
During menses and prior to dominant follicles; RI is? |
High. Mean resistive index: 0.92 |
|
|
What is the normal postmenopausal RI? |
0.89 |
|
|
During menses and prior to dominant follicles; RI is? |
High. Mean resistive index: 0.92 |
|
|
Around ovulation, early lute always the mean RI is? |
0.86 RI will still drop to 0.83 High resistance returns late luteal phase |
|
|
Flow in the wall of corpus luteum increase or decrease? Demonstrate high or low impedance? |
Increased flow. Low impedance, 0.44 |
|
|
Flow in the wall of corpus luteum increase or decrease? Demonstrate high or low impedance? |
Increased flow. Low impedance, 0.44 |
|
|
Postmenopausal RI for ovarian artery is RI of? |
0.94 with no diastole flow post 5 years. RI is of 1 |
