Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Ephelis |
freckles
increased number of melanin but normal number of melanocytes |
|
|
Melasma |
facial hyperpigmentation
mask of pregnancy
the person isn't tanning |
|
|
increased pigmentation and melanocyte number but it does not increase in pigmentation on sun exposure |
Lentigo |
|
|
patient presents with a mole that has a white ring around it
diagnosis and cause |
Halo nevus
T lymphocytic infiltration of nevus cells |
|
|
Spitz's nevus |
spindle and epithelioid nevus cells
pinkish growth on the face of a child typically
benign |
|
|
skin appedage from apocrine duct |
Cylindroma |
|
|
trichothelioma |
skin appendage of hair follicle like structures |
|
|
actinic keratosis |
results form years of sun exposure
epidermal atrophy with hyperkeratosis chronic inflammation of the dermis leads to tan-brown rough surfaces usually on the face |
|
|
herpetic like vesicles that stains for IgA |
Dermatitis Herpetiformis |
|
|
which topical acne drug is very teratogenic? |
Tazarotene |
|
|
which oral acne drug increases depression and risk of suicude |
Iroretinoin (accutane) |
|
|
circumscribed area, flat, set off by its color |
Macule |
|
|
vesicle vs bulla |
vesicle is less than 5 mm bulla is more than 5 mm |
|
|
parakeratosis |
retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum |
|
|
ephelis |
freckle |
|
|
a pregnant woman present with facial hyperpigmentation |
Melasma |
|
|
macular hyperpigmentation due to increased number of melanocytes
does not darken when exposed to sunlight |
lentigo |
|
|
patient presents with dark patch of skin that does not darken when exposed to sunlight |
Lentigo |
|
|
patient presents with nevus on the inner thigh with abnormal borders and architecture |
Dysplastic nevus |
|
|
what skin layer- Desmosomes |
stratum spinosum |
|
|
what layer- Hemidesmosomes |
Stratum basale (connect basal cells to basal lamina) |
|
|
where are melanocytes located |
stratum basale (the only place they are found) |
|
|
what amino acid is needed to make melanin |
tyrosine |
|
|
what change or mutation is caused by UV-A |
8-hydroxyguanine |
|
|
what is the most common first mutation in squamous cell carcinoma |
p53 mutation |
|
|
what is the most common skin cance |
basal cell never metastasizes easily treatable |
|
|
genes involved in basal cell carcinoma |
p53 and patched |
|
|
PTCH-1 |
inhibits cell proliferation
loss of PTCH-1 leads to Basal cell carcinoma |
|
|
Seborrheic dermatitis |
dandruff
too much sebum allows yeast infections |
|
|
patient presents with red, rough, scaling, and pruritic skin |
Eczema |
|
|
verruca |
warts
once infected you always have the infection. immunity is the treatment |
|
|
a patient comes in with a growth on their forehead. last year they had a kidney transplant.
diagnosis? |
squamous cell carcinoma
increased risk with immunosuppressives (transplants) |
|
|
child presents with superficial infection on face. highly contagious. likely a strep or staph infection
diagnosis and treatment |
Impetigo
mupirocin |
|
|
Hidradenoma |
benging eccrine neoplasm |
|
|
the thing i have on my chest |
seborrheic keratosis |
|
|
we see langerhans cells. what layer are we in? |
stratum spinosum of the epidermis |
|
|
collodoin baby |
fails to slough peridermal layer |
|
|
by what week in development are all the epidermal layers present |
week 12 |
|
|
fibroepithelial polyp
plus two additional names |
skin tag
also called squamous papilloma or acrochordon
|
|
|
acrochordon |
skin tag (fibroepithelial polyp) |
|
|
patient presents with a growth on the skin. your attending decides to leave it alone because it will heal on its own. it resembles a squamous cell carcinoma |
Keratoacanthoma |
|
|
Syringoma |
skin appendage (adnexal) tumor tumor of eccrine (sweat) glands |
|
|
patient worked for 20 years as a life guard. now they are presenting with very loos skin and a growth on their body
what can it progress to? |
actinic keratosis with elastosis.
chronic sun exposure
almost all squamous cell carcinoma started as actinic keratosis |
|
|
patient presents with mass on the face with red scaling plaques. biopsy reveals keratin pearls. |
squamous cell carcinoma |
|
|
immune compromised people are at increased risk of which skin cancer |
basal cell carcinoma |
|
|
which skin cancer is more likely to occur in the face |
basal cell carcinoma |
|
|
patient presents with a collection of histiocytes in the skin. he has billiary cirrhosis |
Xanthoma |
|
|
porliferation of langerhans cells in the dermis |
Histiocytosis X |
|
|
tumor with CD1a on the surface and Birbeck granules |
Histiocytosis X |
|
|
patient presents with lesion on the skin that contains sezary cells that resemble the gyri of the brain |
Mycosis fungoides |
|
|
patient presents with macules, papules, vesicles, and bullae following a herpes infection |
erythema multiforme
severe version called steven johnson |
|
|
the nuclei are still seen in the stratum corneum |
parakaratosis seen in psoriasis |
|
|
autoantibodies to desmosomes |
pemphigus vulgaris
stratum spinosum |
|
|
autoantibodies to hemidesmosomes |
bullous pemphigoides
stratum basalis |
|
|
suprabasal blister- give an example |
pemphigus vulgaris |
|
|
patient eats gluten and develops utricariae and vesicles |
dermatitis herpetiformis
seen in people with celiac's disease |
|
|
cytoplasmic inclusion body vs intranuclear inclusion body |
cytoplasmic- molluscum contagiosum
intranucelar- herpes |
|
|
anthralin |
reduce mitonchondrial DNA production- decreases epidermal proliferation
used to treat psoriasis |
|
|
what mutations cause melanoma |
CDKN2a and BRAF |
|
|
CDKNa and BRAF mutations cause what |
melanoma |
|
|
p53 mutation |
squamous cell carcinoma |
|
|
SHH mutation seen in what cancer |
basal cell carcinoma |
|
|
polyomavirus increases risk of what |
Merkel cell carcinoma |
|
|
8-hydroxyguanine |
mutations caused by UV-A |
|
|
how do we treat inflammatory acne |
oral antibiotics |
|
|
treatment for herpes simplex |
valcyclovir |
|
|
if left untreated what can progress to squamous cell carcinoma |
actinic keratosis |
|
|
terbinafine |
tinea infection (ringworm)
"paying the $10 fine" |
|
|
how will you numb the skin to take a biopsy |
1 or 2% xylocaine with or without epinephrine |
|
|
what size suture do you want to use on the face, scalp, extremties? |
face- 6 scalp- 3 extremities- 4 |
|
|
what solution can be used to stop the bleeding after taking a skin biopsy |
aluminum chloride |
|
|
aluminum chloride |
can be used to stop the bleeding after taking a skin biopsy |
|
|
almost all squamous cell carcinoma started as... |
actinic keratosis |
|
|
damage repaired by base excision repair
damage repaired by nucleotide excision repair |
UVA radiation
UVB radiation |
