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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the most common cause of hyperthyroid
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graves dz
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to diagnose hyperthyroid what lab values are measured
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T3, T4, TSH, TSH antibodies
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s/s of hyperthyroid
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sweating
hi temp weight loss goiter exopthalmos incr HR nervous/restless THYROID STORM |
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describe thyroid storm
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rare
fatal extreme incr HR decr BO fever |
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how is hyperthyroid treated
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radiactive iodine - gold standard
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besides graves dz, what else can cause hyperthyroid
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excessive thyroid HRT - too much iodine intake
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how does hair loss from HYPOthyroid differ from hair loss with HYPERthyroid
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HYPOthyroid causes hair to become brittle and break off - HYPERthyroid causes hair to fall out
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nursing interventions for hyperthyroid
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tracer dose of radioactive iodine
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what is important to remember about RAI when excreted from the body?
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it can cause HYPOthyroid so handle body fluids with care
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how do antithyroid meds work?
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block production of TH - used prior to RAI to help decr cardiac effects of hyperthyroid
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where will you find blood in a pt after a thyroidectomy
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pooling in the back of the neck
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what are some s/s of calcium deficiencies
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chevosteks (facial nerve)
trousseaus (BP cuff & carpal spasm) laryngeal nerve damage |
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what are low calcium levels treated with
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calcium gluconate
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what meds are used for hyperthyroid
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saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) - prescribed pre-op to reduce blood flow of thyroid
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besides hyperthyroid, when else is SSKI prescribed
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in cases of nuclear fallout b/c it blocks uptake of radioactive iodine
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what is most common cause of hypothyroid
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hashimotos dx
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s/s of hypothyroid
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intolerant to cold
anemia fatigue depression brittle hair mild weight gain constipation dry skin |
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describe myxedema coma
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rare
fatal non-pitting edema in face, hands, toungue, larynx, shoulders SEIZURES incr BP |
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what is used to treat hypothyroid
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iodine replacement
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what is important to remember about THRT
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take at same time daily
dont switch brands take 1 hour prior to meals |
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what labs are used to diagnose hyperparathyroid
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incr calcium
incr PTH |
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s/s of hyperparathyroid
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renal calculi
osteoporosis fatigue lethargy depression constipation |
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s/s of HYPOparathyroid
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ca deficiencies
chevosteks trousseas muscle excitiablity tetany muscle spasms arrhythmias |
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treatment for hypoparathyroid
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calcium gluconate & Vit D
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what meds are used to treat hyperparathyroid
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fosamax - inhibit bone resorption
calcitonin - |
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s/s of cushings dz
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muscle wasting
osteoporosis hypernatremia hypokalemia buffalo hump moon face truncal obesity facial hair (hirsutism) peptic ulcers bruising incr infections |
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whats the difference between a disease and syndrome
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a disease has a known etiology - a syndrome does not
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what labs are affected by cushings
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incr cortisol
incr blood glucose incr Na+ decr K+ |
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what surgeries are used to treat cushings
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hypophysectomy (pit glad removal)
adrenalectomy |
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what famous person from history is associated w/ cushings
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winston churchill - moon face, died of stroke at 90
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how is BP affected in adisonian crisis
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HUGE decrease
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post-op care for hypophysectomy
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assess for adrenal hyposecretion
assess for shock adisonian/thyroid crisis lifelong cotrisol neuro checks I&O specific gravity fever monitor for CSF drainage - sugar in nasal drip nasal packing 24 hrs medicalert bracelet |
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at what point do most s/s of addisons dz manifest
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after MAJORITY of adrenal gland fxn is lost
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why do ppl w/ addisons dz appear so tan
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hyperpigmentation - MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone)
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what electrolyte imbalance is associated w/ addisons
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hyponatremia
hyperkalemia hypoglycemia |
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what electrolyte imbalance is associated with cushings
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hypernatremia
hypokalemia winston churchill - fluid retention |
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RX for addisons dz
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lifelong steroid replacement
monitor fluid status - SPECIFIC GRAVITY |
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diet for addisons dz
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LOW potassium - no gatorade
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labs for addisons
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LOW cortisol, Na+, serum glucose
HIGH K+ |
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important teaching for steroid use
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dont stop abruptly
wounds may not display s/s of infection decr wound healing |
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what causes addisons crisis
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surgery
trauma infection sudden cessation of glucocortical therapy (Steroids) |
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s/s of addisons
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high fever
hyponatremia hypovolemic dehydrated severe abd, back, leg pain severe n/v & diarrhea hypotention |
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tx for addisons
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fluid replacement
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what is a s/s that a pt with addisons is taking too much steroid
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rapid weight gain
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where do patients with SIADH retain water?
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in the vascular space - decreased blood concentration - water can enter blood cells and enter brain - water toxicity
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describe diabetes insipidous
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hypo secretion of ADH
incr HR hypotension weak peripheral pulses incr H&H |
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describe electrolyte imbalances for DI
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high NA in the blood and low NA in the urine
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describe electrolyte imbalances for SIADH
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low NA in the blood and high NA in the urine - HYPOnatremia
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what meds are common for DI
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vasopressin
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s/s of SIADH
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overhydration
extreme HA lethargy LOC changes Na+ changes fluid volume overload but NO edema - fluid in vascular space |
