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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the two primary classifications of cysts?
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Odontogenic and Non-odontogenic
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What are the two main classes of ODONTOGENIC CYSTS?
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Developmental
Inflammatory |
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Define PALATAL CYST OF NEWBORN:
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common, small developmental cyst on the palate of newborn infants
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What are the two types of PALATAL CYST OF NEWBORN?
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- epstein's pearls
- Bohn's nodules |
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Describe the similarities/differences between EPSTEIN'S PEARLS and BOHN's NODULES:
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BOTH- 1-3mm white/yellowish papules, probably arising from epithelium
EPSTEIN - located along median palatal raphe BOHN - scattered over hard palate, often near soft palate junction |
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What is the most common NON-ODONTOGENIC CYST OF THE ORAL CAVITY?
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NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST
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Where does the NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST arise from?
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Remnants of the nasopalatine duct (embryologic structure connecting oral and nasal cavities)
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What are the three most common presenting signs of NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST?
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- swelling of anterior palate
- drainage - pain - some cases may be asymptomatic and only discovered on routine radiography |
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Define "CYSTS OF INCISIVE PAPILLA"
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Nasopalatine duct cysts that develop entirely within the soft tissue of the incisive papilla
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What is the treatment of nASOPALATINE DUCT CYST?
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- Surgical enucleation
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Define "MEDIAN PALATAL CYST":
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- rare fissural cyst
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How does the MEDIAN PALATAL CYST arise?
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Theoretically, from epithelium trapped along embryonic line of fusion of the lateral palatal shelves of the maxilla
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How does a MEDIAN PALATAL CYST present?
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firm or fluctuant swelling of the midline hard palate posterior to the palatine papilla
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WHat is the treatment of MEDIAN PALATAL CYST?
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Surgical removal
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Define NASOLABIAL CYST:
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a rare developmental cyst that occurs in the upper lip lateral to the midline
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What are the two theories of pathogenesis of NASOLABIAL CYST?
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- arise from epithelial remnants entrapped along line of fusion of max, medial nasal, and lateral nasal processes
- arise from misplaced epithelium of nasolacrimal duct |
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What is the clinical presentation of NASOLABIAL CYST?
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soft tissue swelling of the upper lip lateral to the midline (over canine area), resulting in elevation of ala of the nose.
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What is the treatment of NASOLABIAL CYST?
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surgical enucleation
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Which ODONTOGENIC CYSTS probably arise from dental lamina?
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- odontogenic keratocyst
- lateral periodontal cyst - gingival cyst of adult - dental lamina cyst of newborn - glandular odontogenic cyst |
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Which ODONTOGENIC CYSTS probably arise from reduced enamel epithelium?
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- dentigerous cyst
- eruption cyst |
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Which ODONTOGENIC CYSTS probably arise from rest of Malassez?
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- periapical cyst
- residual cyst |
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Which cysts are associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth?
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- DENTIGEROUS CYST
- OKC - ORTHOKERATINIZED ODONTOGENIC CYST - CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST |
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What is the most common type of developmental odontogenic cyst?
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Dentigerous cyst
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What are possible complications of DENTIGEROUS CYST?
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- extensive bone destruction with growth
- resorption of adjacent tooth roots - displacement of teeth - several epithelial neoplasms may including ameloblastoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma may arise in the lining of a dentigerous cyst |
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Define CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST (Branchial Cleft cyst):
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Unusual developmental cyst of the lateral neck
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Define ORAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST:
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Uncommon lesion that develops within oral lymphoid tissue
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What is the treatment of CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST?
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Surgical removal
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What is the treatment of ORAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST?
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Surgical excision
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Define THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST:
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arise from epithelial remnants of thyroid gland development, occur in the midline of neck - anywhere between thyroid embryonic origin (foramen caecum of tongue) and thyroid gland. Most occur below hyoid bone.
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What are the clinical features of THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST?
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- painless
- fluctuant swelling - slow enlarging - moveable swelling - primarily children/ young adults |
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Define "SISTRUNK PROCEDURE":
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- thyroglossal duct cyst is removed in addition to the midline segment of the hyoid bone and a generous portion of muscular tissue along the entire thyroid tract
- less than 10% recurrence |
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Define FOLLICULAR CYST OF THE SKIN (EPIDERMOID CYST):
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A common keratin filled lesion that arises from one or more portions of the hair follicle.
Often arise after localized inflammation of the hair follicle or after traumatic implantation. |
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EPIDERMOID CYST may be associated with what condition?
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Gardner's syndrome
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What is the treatment of EPIDERMOID CYST?
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Surgical excision
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What areas does EPIDERMOID CYST most commonly occur in?
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- acne-prone areas of head, neck and back
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Define DERMOID CYST:
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Uncommon, developmental cystic malformation
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What is the most common site of DERMOID CYST?
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- midline of FOM
- if ABOVE geniohyoid muslce it produces sunlingual swelling - if BELOW geniohyoid muscle it produces submental swelling with double chin appearance |
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What is the treatment of DERMOID CYST?
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surgical removal
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What is the etiology of DENTIGEROUS CYST?
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fluid accumulation between the reduced enamel epithelium and the enamel surface, resulting in a cyst
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What is the most common type of ODONTOGENIC CYST?
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Dentigerous cyst
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DENTIGEROUS CYST occurs mainly in which teeth?
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MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLARS > max canines > max third molar > mand. second premolars
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WHat are the clinical features of DENTIGEROUS CYST?
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- radiographically, unilocular, well-defined radiolucency associated with the crown of an unerupted tooth, usually with sclerotic borders.
- if infected may show ill-defined borders |
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Describe the features of a NORMAL follicular space:
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PANORAMIC: 3mm
INTRAORAL: 2.5mm |
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What is the treatment of DENTIGEROUS CYST?
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- removal of the tooth
- enucleation of the cyst |
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Define ERUPTION CYST:
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- a dentigerous cyst that forms in the soft tissue overlying the crown of an erupting tooth
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What is the treatment for an ERUPTION CYST?
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- usually ruptures spontaneously, permitting tooth eruption.
- if this does not occur, excision of the root of the cyst will aid eruption |
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An OKC, radiographically, may simulate what other lesions?
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- dentigerous cyst
- radicular cyst - residual cyst - lateral periodontal cyst - nasopalatine duct cyst |
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Which has the highest recurrence rate of all cysts?
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OKC - 30% within the first 5 post-op years
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What is the treatment of OKC?
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Surgical enucleation and curettage. Long term clinical and radiographic follow-up is necessary.
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What is the peak incidence of OKC?
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3rd decade of life
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Define "de novo"
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- from new
- fresh |
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Patients with multiple OKC's should be evaluated for what other condition?
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Gorlin syndrome
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What are the clinical features of GORLIN SYNDROME?
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SKIN: basal cell carcinomas in non-sun exposed skin. Palmar and plantar pits, epidermal cysts of the skin , and milia
SKELETAL: bifid ribs, vertebral anomalies, lamellar calcifications of the falx cerebri, multiple jaw OKC's CNS: meduloblastoma, meningioma |
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Define "GINGIVAL CYST OF THE ADULT:
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uncommon, developmental odontogenic cyst of gingiva soft tissue - basically soft tissue counterpart of lateral periodontal cyst
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Define "LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST:"
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Uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst that typically occurs along the lateral root surface of a tooth
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Define "BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST:"
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Lateral periodontal cyst that can be multicystic and has "grape-like" clusters of small cysts
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What is the treatment of LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST?
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Surgical enucleation
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Define CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST:
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uncommon lesion that demonstrates considerable histopathologic diversity and variable clinical beahviours.
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CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST may be associated most commonly with what:
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- odontoma
- unerupted tooth (most often canine) - other tumours (adenomatoid odontogenic tumour) - ameloblastoma |
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What is the treatment of CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST:
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enucleation/curettage
CYSTIC TYPE: good prognosis NEOPLASTIC: prognosis less certain because of its rarity |
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Name two INFLAMMATORY ODONTOGENIC CYSTS:
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- periapical cyst
- residual cyst |
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What are the three things ODONTOGENIC CARCINOMA may arise from?
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- ameloblastoma
- de novo - epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts |
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What is the treatment for ODONTOGENIC CARCINOMA:
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- Partial resection to total resection - with/without radiation or adjunctive chemotherapy
- 50% five-year survival rate after treatment |
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What is the most common type of cyst associated with carcinoma transformation?
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RESIDUAL CYST > dentigerous > apical and lateral periodontal
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What is the finding?
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Epstein's Pearl
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What is the finding?
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Epstein's Pearl
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What is the finding?
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Epstein's Pearl
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What is the finding?
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Bohn's nodule
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What is the finding?
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Bohn's nodule
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
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What is the finding?
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Median palatal cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasolabial cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasolabial cyst
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What is the finding?
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Nasolabial cyst
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What is the finding?
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Epidermoid cyst
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What is the finding?
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Epidermoid cyst
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What is the finding?
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Epidermoid cyst
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What is the finding?
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Epidermoid cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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What is the finding?
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Eruption cyst
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