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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

nonspecific stain

-react with all microbes in an identical fashion


-useful solely for increasing contrast so that morphology, size, and arrangement of organisms can be determined

specific stain

give varying results depending on the organism being treatment

stains are chemicals containing

chromophores

chromophores

groups that impart color

specificity is determined

by their chemical structures

basic dye

a stain that is cationic and will react with material that is negatively charged

surface of bacteria at a neutral pH is somewhat _________charged and will attract _________ dyes

negative charge


basic dyes

basic dye examples

crystal violet


safranin


basic fuchsin


methylene blue

acid dyes

-negatively charged chromophores and are repelled by the bacterial surface


-stain the background and leave the microbe transparent

acid dye examples

nigrosine and congo red


simple stain

when a single stian is used

preparation of a smear

a thin layer of specimen dried and fixed onto the slide before it is stained

excess unreacted stain must be removed from background before bacteria can

be seen in microscope

the stain is applied to

an immobilized organism

any stain that reacts will also be _________ onto the slide and _______ stain can be washed off

immobilized; unreacted

simple stain cultures

corynbacterium xerosis(slant)


staphylococcus epidermidis(slant)


klebsiella pneumoniae or E.coli (slant)

what effect may heat fixation have on microbe

it could kill it

advantage of simple

stains everything

- of simple stain

can't differentiate between bacteria

negative stain

able to identify specific bacteria and differentiate bacteria


gives a background for the positive stain

information

location of bacteria or presence of it