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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rock |
mixture of one or more minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other materials. |
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rock cycle |
model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time. |
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igneous rock |
intrusive or extrusive rock formed when hot magma cools and hardens.
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lava |
thick, gooey, molten rock material flowing from volcanoes onto Earth's surface. |
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intrusive |
a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface. |
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extrusive |
fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface. |
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basaltic |
dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica. |
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granitic |
light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock. |
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metamorphic rock |
forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary or other rock and affect its form or composition, or both. |
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foliated |
metamorphic rock, such as slate and gneiss, whose mineral grains flatten and line up in parallel layers. |
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nonfoliated |
metamorphic rock, such as quartzite and marble, whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but do not form layers. |
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sediment |
loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity. |
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sedimentary rock |
forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals come out of solution or are left behind by evaporation. |
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compaction |
process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of small sediments are compressed by the wight of the layers above them. |
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cementation |
sedimentary rock-forming process in which large sediments are held together by natural cements that are produced when water soaks through rock and soil. |
