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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the term for identification with, and feeling part of, an ethnic tradition and exclusion from other ethnic traditions? a. culture shock b. cultural relativism c. ethnicity d. assimilation e. ethnocentrism |
c. ethnicity |
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What is the term for a social status that is not automatic; that comes through choices, actions, effects, talents, or accomplishments; and that may be positive or negative? a. ascribed status b. situational status c. negotiated status d. ethnicity e. achieved status
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e. achieved status |
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Some biologists use "race" to refer to "breeds" as of dogs or roses. Such domesticated "races" have been bred by humans for generations. Humanity (Homo sapiens) lack such races because a. they are politically incorrect b. humans are superior to dogs and roses c. human populations have experienced a type of controlled breeding distinct from that experienced by dogs and roses d. humans are less genetically predictable than dogs or roses e. human populations have not been isolated enough from one another to develop such discrete groups |
e. human populations have not been isolated enough from one another to develop such discrete groups |
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Which of the following is the most likely reason for the dark skin color shared by tropical Africans and southern Indians? a. dietary adaptation b. UV radiation hazards c. reducing the frequency of rickets d. recent common ancestry e. malarial resistance |
b. UV radiation hazards |
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Human races, like ethnicities in general, are a. cultural rather than biological categories b. a biological reality as much as a cultural one c. used by social scientists to classify humans based on genes and shared blood d. key categories for biology, but not anthropology e. a meaningless concept to people living day to day |
a. cultural rather than biological categories |
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What is the term for the belief that a perceived racial difference is sufficient reason to value one person less than another (such as the case of burakumin in Japan)? a. extrinsic racism b. hypodescent c. intrinsic racism d. hyperdecent e. de jure discrimination |
c. intrinsic racism |
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Which of the following best explains the differences between American and Brazilian social constructions of race? a. Brazilian plantation landlords had sexual relations with their slaves b. the lack of native populations in Brazil c. the Portuguese language had a greater number of intermediate color terms than the English language d. historically, in Brazil, freed offspring of master and slave filled many intermediate positions in the emerging Brazilian economy e. English concepts of race were very different from those of the Portuguese |
d. historically, in Brazil, freed offspring of master and slave filled many intermediate positions in the emerging Brazilian economy |
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Which of the following statements about ethnic groups that once had, or wish to have or regain, autonomous political status is not true? a. they often are minorities in the nation in which they live b. they have been called "imagined communities" c. they include or have included the Kurds and Germans d. they are called nationalities e. all or most of their members usually meet regularly face to face |
e. all or most of their members usually meet regularly face to face |
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Which of the following statements about nation-states is true? a. nation-states sometimes encourage ethnic divisions for political and economic ends b. nation-states are ethnically homogeneous c. nation-states are defined by their lack of ethnic identity d. nation-state is a synonym for tribe and ethnic group e. nation-states are parts of other states |
a. nation-states sometimes encourage ethnic divisions for political and economic ends |
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What is the term for physical destruction of an ethnic or religious group through mass murder? a. ethnic expulsion b. forced assimilation c. ethnocentrism d. racist expulsion e. genocide |
e. genocide |
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Given the lack of distinction between race and ethnicity, this chapter suggest the term _____ instead of "race" to describe any such social group. |
ethnic group |
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_____ refers to an organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology." |
Phenotype |
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_____ is the term for the arbitrary rule that automatically places the children of a union between members of different socioeconomic groups in the less-privileged group. |
hypodescent |
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_____ is the view of cultural diversity as valuable and worth maintaining. |
Multiculturalism |
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_____ is the internal domination by one group and its culture/ideology over others. |
Cultural colonialism |
