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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
forms membranes
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epithelium
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allows movement of limbs and for organ movements within the body
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muscle
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function is to support cells
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connective
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function is to communicate
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nervous
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function is to protect and line
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epithelium
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uses electrochemical signals to carry out its functions
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nervous
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supports and reinforces the body organs
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connective
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cells of this tissue may absorb/secrete substances
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epithelium
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basis of the major controlling system of the body
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nervous
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its cells shorted to exert force
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muscle
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forms endocrine and exocrine glands
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epithelium
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surrounds and cushions body organs
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connective
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function is to contract and move body
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muscle
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characterized by having large amounts of extracellular material
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connective
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allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski, and throw a ball
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muscle
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widely distributed; found in bones, cartilages, and fat deposits
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connective
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forms the brain and spinal cord
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nervous
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a tissue is...
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a collection of cells
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the four major tissue types are:
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epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
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the inside of blood vessels is lined with...
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Squamous epithelium
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where is simple columnar epithelium found?
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lining of the small intestine
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stratified epithelia...
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consist of several layers of cells
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transitional epithelium allows the...
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bladder to stretch
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stratified squamous epithelium does NOT occur...
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covering the body
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the surface cells of stratified squamous epithelium are continually...
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being shed from the surface
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which of the following are NOT connective tissues:
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blood / tendon / bone / SALIVA / adipose tissue / cartilage
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which of the following muscle tissue has branched fibers, intercalated discs between adjacent cells and contracts automatically?
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Cardiac muscle
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which of the following muscle tissues has long fibers and nuclei on the surface?
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striated voluntary muscle
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which muscle tissue moves bones?
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striated voluntary muscle
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which muscle tissue is found in blood vessel walls, in the gut wall and in glands?
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smooth involuntary muscle
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consists of many cells with little intercellular substance
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epithelial
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penetrated by blood vessels
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connective
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does not cover body surfaces or line passageways and cavaties, but is more internally located; binds, supports, protects
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connective
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found where strength and rigidity are needed, as in discs between vertebrae and the symphysis pubis
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fibrous cartilage
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white, glossy cartilage covering ends of bones, covering ends of ribs, and giving strength to nose, larynx, and trachea
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Hyaline cartilage
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provides strength and flexibility, as in external part of the ear
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elastic cartilage
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tissue forming the walls of the heart
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cardiac
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attached to bones
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skeletal
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spindle-shaped cells with ends tapering to points
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smooth
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contain intercalated discs and gap junctions
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cardiac
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found in walls of intestine, urinary bladder, and blood vessels
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smooth
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cells are multinucleate
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skeletal
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epithelium functions
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1. protects us from the outside world - skin
2. absorbs - stomach and intestinal lining (gut) 3. filters - the kidney 4. secretes - forms glands |
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epithelium characteristics
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1. closely attached to each other forming a protective barrier
2. always has one free surface open to outside the body or inside an internal organ 3. always has one fixed section attached to underlying connective tissue 4. has no blood vessels but can soak up nutrients from blood vessels in connective tissue underneath 5 can have lots of nerves in it 6. very good at regenerating |
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Epithelium classification
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1. by shape:
a. squamous - flat and scale-like b. cuboidal - as tall as they are wide c. columnar - tall, column-shaped 2. by cell arrangement: a. simple epithelium -s ingle layer of cells b. stratified epithelium - stacked up cell laters |
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connective functions
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1. wrap around and cushions and protects organs
2. stores nutrients 3. internal support for organs 4. as tendon and ligaments protects joints and attached muscled to bone and each other 5. runs through organ capsule and in deep layer of skin giving strength |
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3 elements of connective tissue
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1. ground substance - gel around cells and fibers
2. fibers - provide strength, elasticity and support 3. cells |
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2 kinds of connective tissue
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1. loose connective tissue
2. dense connective tissue |
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loose connective tissue
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1. areolar connective tissue - cushion around organs, loose arrangement of cells and fibers
2. adipose tissue - storehouse for nutrients, packed with cells and blood vessels 3. reticular connective tissue - internal supporting framework of some organs, delicate network of fibers and cells |
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dense connective tissue
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1. dense regular connective tissue - tendons and ligaments, regularly arranged bundles packed with fibers running same way for strength in one direction
2. dense irregular connective tissue - skin, organ capsules, irregularly arranged bundles packed with fibers for strength in all directions |
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special connective tissues
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cartilage
bone blood |
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cartilage functions
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1. provides strength with flexibility while resisting wear
2. cushions and shock absorbs where bones meet |
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bone functions
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1. provides framework and strength for body
2. allows movement 3. stores calcium 4. contains blood-forming cells |
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blood functions
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1. transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients around the body
2. immune response |
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nervous tissue functions
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conducts impulses to and from body organs via neurons
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3 elements of nervous tissue
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1. brain
2. spinal cord 3. nerves |
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muscle tissue functions
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1. responsible for body movement
2. moves blood, food, waste through body's organs 3. responsible for mechanical digestion |
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3 types of muscle tissue
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1. smooth muscle - organ walls and blood vessel walls, involuntary, spindle-shaped cells for pushing things through organs
2. skeletal muscle - large body muscles, voluntary, striated muscle packed in bundles and attached to bones for movement 3. cardiac muscle - heart wall, involuntary, striated muscle with intercalated discs connecting cells for synchronized contractions during heart beat |