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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bethanechol
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systemic - muscarinic agonist (for ileus - postop and for urinary retention
DIRECT ACTING |
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methacholine
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muscarinic agonist - dx: bronchial hyperreactivity
not used in tx (only in dx) remember the -choline suffix!! DIRECT ACTING |
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pilocarpine
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muscarinic agonist - tx: glaucoma (topical) and xerostermia (dry mouth)
DIRECT ACTING |
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Ach
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muscarinic agonist - no clinical use (theoretical)
DIRECT ACTING |
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edrophonium
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INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse) used in dx: myasthenia gravis (ultra short acting) - also differentiates myasthenia from cholinergic crisis/desensitized receptors/too much neostigmine) |
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physostigmine
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INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse) enters CNS -- crosses BBB tx: atropine OVERDOSE!!! (cannot use neostigmine bc that WILL NOT cross the BBB) |
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neostigmine, pyridostigmine
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INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse) neostigmine --> cholinergic crisis used for reversal of nondepolarizing NM blockers quaternary amine - do NOT cross BBB |
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donepezil, tacrine
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INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse) used in tx of alzheimers dz bc they lipid soluble --> side effects of incr acetylcholine in every synapse in the body... think about it |
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organophosphates
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INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse) ON EVERY BOARD EXAM - TESTED EVERY YEAR FOR THEIR PROTOTYPICAL TOXICITIES lipid soluble - irreversible inhibitors insecticide - occupational exposure - think FARMERS echothiophate - glaucoma |
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atropine
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antimuscarinic drug
used as: antispasmodic, antisecretory, AChE inhibitor overdose, antidiarrheal, opthalmology, but LONG ACTION |
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tropicamide
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antimuscarinic - used ONLY for topical opthalmological
TROPIcamide --> like atropine |
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ipratropium
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ipraTROPIum
antimuscarinic --> tx: asthma, COPD (decr secretion) - decr in VOLUME of secretions but does not DRY membranes - no change in mucus viscosity |
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scopolamine
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motion sickness - antimuscarinic
--> sedation and short-term memory block nerve 8 - auditory nerve is strictly a muscarinically driven nerve anterograde amnesia - you can't memorize new shit! |
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benztropine and trihexyphenidyl
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antimuscarinics
used to tx parkinsons (remember BENZ - PARK MY BENZ) |
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hexamethonium
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put a hex on smokersto help them quit
remember the theoretical use of this drug GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS!!!! |
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fenoldapam
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D1 agonist used for severe hypertension
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phenylephrine
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alpha 1 agonist
nasal decongestant - ophthalmologic use (mydriasis withOUT cycloplegia!!) |
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methoxamine
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alpha 1 agonist
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia thru vagal reflex (arrhythmia --> compromised CO) this drug --> incr BP --> reflex bradycardia (used to slow down a tachycardia) |
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clonidine
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alpha 2 agonist -- mild --> moderate HTN
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methyldopa
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alpha 2 agonist --> mild --> moderate HTN
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isoproterenol
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beta 1 = beta 2 agonist
tx: bronchospasm, heart block, bradyarrhythmia, side effects: flushing, angina, arrhythmias |
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dobutamine
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beta 1 > beta 2 (equivalent to beta 1 selectivity) agonist
CHF |
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salmetrol, albuterol, terbutaline
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used in asthma
beta 2 agonists (selective) |
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ritodrine
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premature labor
b2 agonist (selective) |
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tyramine
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red wine / cheese
mao-A - metabolizes, NE, 5HT and tyramine INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS |
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amphetamines
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psychostimulant due to central release of DA, NE, 5HT
INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS |
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ephedrine
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cold medication
INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS |
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phenoxygenzamine
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DOC of pheochromocytoma!!!
noncompetitive inhibitor of alpha receptors compare to phentolamine (competitive) |
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phentolamine
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competitive inhibitor of alpha receptors
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prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin
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selective alpha 1 blocker!!
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yohimbine
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used in postural hypotensions and impotence!
selective alpha 2 blocker |
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mirtizapine
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used as antidepressant
selective alpha 2 blocker |