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65 Cards in this Set
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Militarism
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belief that a nation needs a large military force
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Nationalism
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a feeling of pride, loyalty and protectiveness towards one's country
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Triple Alliance
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Germany organized this with Austria-Hungary and Italy for protection
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Triple Entente
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France combined with Russia and Britain for protection
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Lusitania
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British passenger ship that was torpedoed by a German U-boat. 1198 people killed, including 128 Americans. It turned many Americans against Germany.
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Woodrow Wilson
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U.S. President at beginning of WWI. He favored non-involvement.
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ZImmerman Telegram
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message sent in 1917 by the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance and promising to help Mexico regain Texas, New Mexico and Arizona IF the U.S. entered WWI
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Imperialism
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policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political or military control over weaker nations or territories
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Espionage Act 1917
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law that set heavy fines and long prison terms for antiwar activities and for encouraging draft resisters
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Sedition Act 1918
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law that made it illegal to criticize the war; it set heavy fines and long prison terms for anti-war activities
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Submarine warfare
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these underground boats were widely used in WWI
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Sussex Pledge
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1916 promise given by German government to U.S. They promised to stop sinking non-military ships.
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Trench Warfare
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fighting during WWI in which troops huddled at the bottom of trenches and fired weapons at each other. Trenches were long ditches dug for protection.
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Eastern Front
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Germany & Austria- Hungary against Russia & Serbia.
This was a STALEMATE. |
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Pacifists
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person morally opposed to war
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Battle of Argonne Forest
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defeat of the Germans by French and American troops in France in Oct. 1918. One million Americans fought 47 days in rain and finally broke through German lines.
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Selective Service Act
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law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 21-30 to register for the military draft
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Liberty Bonds
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bonds sold by the U.S. government to raise money for WWI
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Four-Minute Men
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someone who gave speeches supporting Wilson and the war. They drummed up support in American theaters, etc.
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War Labor Board
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settled disputes (fights) between workers and bosses
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Russian Revolution
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1917 revolution. Czar Nicholas II was forced to step down and a provisional government calling for democratic reforms was set up
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Vladimir Lenin
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leader of the Bolsheviks, a communist group that took over Russia in 1917
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War Industries Board
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Committee created before WWI. Its task was to get the American economy ready for possible war.
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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1918 treaty that marked the withdrawal of Russia from the war
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General John J. Pershing
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leader of the American Expeditionary Force (the 2 million American soldiers) in France
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11 /11/ 1918 at 11 am
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The end of WWI.
No more fighting! |
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Fourteen Points
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President Woodrow Wilson's Goals for peace after WWI
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War League of Nations
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organization set up after WWI to settle international conflicts
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Versailles Treaty
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1919 treaty that ended WWI.
1. Made Germany take responsibility for starting war 2. made German disarm and break up army and navy 3. had to pay huge reparations 4. Germany lost colonies 5. Germany had to give up land (which became Czechoslovakia) |
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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U.S. senator who was head of the Foreign Affairs Committee. He was against signing the Treaty of Versailles.
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MANIA
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acronym for the causes of the Great War in Europe.
M- militarism A- alliances N- nationalism I- Imperialism A- assassination of Franz Ferdinand |
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Zimmerman
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German Ambassador to Mexico who sent an infamous telegram
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submarine
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We call it a U-boat. Germans have another way of saying it.
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Franz Ferdinand
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assassinated heir to the Austrian- Hungarian throne
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Over There
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Popular American war song by George M. Cohan
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Food Administration
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Government formed entity that tried to grow and conserve food
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Schleiffen Plan
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German's plan for a swift victory over France
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Trench Warfare
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Type of war fought on the western front after the stalemate
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Over the top!
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Phrase yelled prior to soldier's being sent into no-man's land
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Propaganda
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used to get Americans to support the war and Allies
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submarine warfare
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practiced by Germany in the open seas
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War Productions Board
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Government agency created to oversee wartime manufacturing
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Liberty Gardens
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If food will win the war, plant one of these in your backyard.
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Cultural connections
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Underlying American cause linking nation to G.B. and France
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Kaiser Wilhelm
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leader of Germany during WWI
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Vittorio Orlando
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Leader of Italy during WWI
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David Lloyd George
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Leader of Great Britain during WWI
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Georges Clemenceau
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Leader of France during WWI
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The Big Four
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Name used at the end of the war for the four leaders
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Allied Powers
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Name of the Triple Entente after the was began. Included England, France and Russia.
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Central Powers
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Name of the Triple Alliance after the war began. Included Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
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reparations
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Germany's payments for Allied losses suffered during the war
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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vocal U.S. critic of the Treaty's ratification
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Article 10
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section of the Treaty of Versailles that Senator Lodge was against
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1921
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year when the U.S. finally signed a peace treaty with Germany
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"Meatless Tuesdays"
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name for the day of the week when Americans were told to go without meat
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Harlem Hell Fighters
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African-American soldiers who saw heavy combat in Europe
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self-determination
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Wilson's idea for national groups to have their own land and government
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airplanes
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flying weapon that replaced zeppelins during WWI
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John Bull
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Great Britain's version
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Jeanette Rankin
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Montana's woman Congress person who voted against entry into WWI
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barbed wire
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replaced wooden obstacles at the end of the 19th century
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war bonds
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method by which the government raised millions for the war
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barbed wire
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replaced wooden obstacles at the end of the 19th century
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war bonds
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method by which the government raised millions for the war
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