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2.0 Literature Review This literature review section will describe the fundamental or important topic of this study. 2.1 Hard capsule Capsule, tablet, syrup is among the type of oral administration drug delivery carrier. The capsule is a solid dosage form of drug delivery, which derived from degradable polymer film. The capsules can be divided into hard and soft capsule types. The capsules can be segmented by source of raw materials, and end users. The segmentation by source of raw materials can be divided to pigskin gelatin, bone-derived gelatin, bovine-hide gelatin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), pullulan, starch materials, and others. While segmentation by end users are includes the pharmaceutical industry, nutraceutical industry, cosmetics industry, and research laboratories (Markets and Markets, 2014). The major industrial players in the empty capsules market include ACG Worldwide (India), Capsugel (U.S.), CapsCanada Corporation (Canada), Qualicaps, Inc. (U.S.), Suheung Co., Ltd. (Korea), Medi-Caps Ltd. (India), Roxlor LLC (U.S.), Sunil Healthcare Ltd. (India), Snail Pharma Industry Co., Ltd. (China), and Bright Pharma Caps, Inc. (U.S.). While in Malaysia, the Nashmir Capsule Sdn Bhd, one of the company that manufacture halal hard capsule using the imported bovine gelatin. At the early stage of the development, the hard capsule is known as two pieces shell capsule that normally for solid form of fillings. Nowadays, the hard capsule is regarded as solid…

In order to make food more affordable and feed a growing population, food companies add harmful chemicals and hormones to speed growth and increase production. This is a an epidemic because everybody is exposed to different kinds of chemicals and food chemicals are the most common. Due to increase in cost for maintaining our food healthy, adding chemicals and hormones drops the price, but has negative affects to the human body internally when consumed. Many different chemicals are added into…

The control of the moisture content in foods is one of the most basic exploited preservation strategies. Water activity is defined as the ratio of water vapor pressure of the food substrate to the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature. The water activity can be manipulated in foods by a number of means, including addition of solutes such as salt or sugar, physical removal of water through drying or baking, or binding of water to various macromolecular components in the food. The…

FD&C Red Number 40 Food is a staple in our everyday lives, along with water it is one of the things we literally cannot live without. As an American, it is hard to eat a nutritious diet with all the fast food options and processed foods right at our fingertips. However, one aspect of our food that is of big concern for some individuals are artificial color additives. If you pick up your favorite cereal, beverage, or even your mouthwash and start to read the ingredients list you may see some of…

E-number food additives, their chemistry and role in food Since the dawn of time, humans had using several simpler and yet natural food preservation techniques such as preserving meat using salt, or immersing onions and cucumber in a jar of vinegar to keep the food fresh and last longer. The method of preserving food had been evolved over a significant period of time. (Heldman, 2003) Food additives are either a natural or synthetic substances which was added intentionally to food to improve the…

Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to use the absorbance of light through a solution to determine the concentration of Blue Dye 1 in Cool Blue Gatorade. In today's society most people are health conscious and food coloring and dyes have been a controversial topic. Blue Dye 1 is one of the most popular FDA-approved dyes used in food such as fruits, sauces, and baking mixes. Such dyes are not limited to foods but also used in shampoos, detergents, and vitamins just to name a few…

A Vet's View On Dog Food Ingredients By Ken Alston | Submitted On November 02, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Ken Alston Commercial dog food brands are in a mad dash to get a…

-SiO2@ON/glass was coated with poly(methyl methacrylate) (950 PMMA C4, Micro Chem, 2 mL) by spin coating (500 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, 2,000 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, SP-7200GT spin coater, Intec systems). The plate was cut into 4 pieces of 1.5 × 2.5 cm2 area (Refer to Figure S3), and then added to 5% HF solution (100 mL). In the first 1 min, the glass plate was detached from S-SiO2@ON/glass and removed. The S-SiO2@ON was further etched for 2 h. Caution: HF solution is extremely…

Gatorade, one of my favorite drinks, is one of the most well known sports drinks in the world. It is sold in over 80 countries and has been around for half of a century. Many well known athletes, such as Dwight Howard and Derek Jeter sponsor Gatorade, which help it to sell 100 billion ounces every year (10 Thirst Quenching facts). However, it made me wonder, what ingredients were in Gatorade, and how healthy they are. Surprisingly, there are many ingredients that go into the drink. Ingredients…

Tartrazine Tartrazine is a chemical that contains numerous positive and negative effects. It is a lemon yellow azo dye mainly used as a food coloring. It has no taste, but s commonly used in foods we eat. Tartrazine’s chemical symbol is C16H9N4Na3a2. The molar mass of Tartrazine is 534.3g/mol. Also, Tartrazine’s melting point is 300 c. It is often used in bakeries on frosting and other pastries to add a splash of color into it. It is extensively used for a variety of different products. But, if…