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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a psychrometer?
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instrument used to find the dewpoint.
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What is evaporation?
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the process of changing liquid water from oceans, lakes, streams, and solids on earth's surface into water vapor in the atmosphere
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What is Transpiration
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the process by which plants release water vapor through their leaves into the atmosphere.
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What are vertical movements of air?
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currents
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When the air is saturated, the vapor pressure is called______ ______ _______
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saturation vapor pressure
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What are the lines used to connect places of equal temperature, equal pressure?
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Isothermes, isobars
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What are the high- pressure, dry belts known as?
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zones of divergence
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What are aerosols?
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dust and water vapor that scatter and reflect some radiation
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_______ _________ is responsable for changes in all atmospheric variables
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Heat energy
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what does it mean to be saturated?
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when the air contains all the moisture it can hold at a particular temperature
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What is air pressure?
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the force or weight of the air pushing down on a unit area of surface.
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What is the dew point temperature?
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the temperature at which condensation occurs. at the dewpoint air is holding all the moisture it can hold.
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What is Relative Humidity?
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The comparison between the amount of moisture in the air with the amount the air can actually hold at that temperature
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When there is a smaller difference between the wet- bulb and dry- bulb temps, the more ________ the air.
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humid
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Orographic lifting occurs when...
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mountains act as barriers to the flow of airforcin it to rise to the other side
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The psycrometer consists of 2 thermometers- what are they?
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dry- bulb and wet- bulb
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As the air temperature approaches the dewpoint, ___________ becomes more likely.
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precipitation
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The amount water vapor actually present in the air is known as _______ _______
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absolute humidity
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What is condensation?
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the process by which gaseous water vapor changes to liquid water
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The ability of air to hold water vapor is directly related to the ____________ of the air.
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temperature
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What is insolation?
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incoming solar radiation.
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To determine dewpoint tempertureand relative humidity, use chart on pg.312 or in ESRT.
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Hey nurse, whtz up?
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What is a convection cell?
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the cyclical movement of a fluid due to differences in density and the effect of the gravity field
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the midlatitude jet stream is called the________ _____ ______
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polar jet stream
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As the dewpoint temp. and air temp. come close together,the relative humidity ______, and the probability of precipitation _______.
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increases, increases
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A falling barometer indicates what?
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the probability that rainy weather is on it's way.
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which is heavier- moist air or dry air?
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dry air is heavier due to the fact that air pressure is inversely proportional to teh amount of moisture in the air
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What is capacity?
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the amount of water vapor can hold
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The greater the absolute humidity, the __________ the dewpoint temperature.
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higher
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What is frictional drag?
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the energy of friction produced at teh interface of earths surface and the atmosphere
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When the air is saturated, no ___________ takes palce.
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evaporation
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What are clouds?
give 2 examples |
collection of tiny water droplets or ice crystals
- cirrus, and cumulonimbus |
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What is the instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure?
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barometer
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what is vapor pressure?
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when the pressure exerted by only the water vapor in the air is measured.
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How does the atmosphere recieve most of it's heat energy?
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conduction, absorbtion of insolation as it passes through atmosphere, and reradiation from earth
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When water vapor changes directly into solid water, ice or snow through process known as...
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sublimation
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What are jet streams?
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high- speed winds which travel in a wave- like eastern direction
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air always moves from areas of ____ pressure to areas of ___ pressure
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high, low
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What is evapotranspiration?
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refers to all the water vapor released by both evaporation and transpiration.
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What are the low- pressure belts where air regions come together?
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zones of convergence
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What is convection?
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transfer of heat energy by movement of fluids
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the rate of change in pressure between two locations is called...
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pressure gradient
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What are large horizontal movements of air near the earths surface, What are local horizontal movements of air near earths surface?
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winds, breezes
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What is condution?
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the transfer of heat energy from molecule to molecule
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when water vapor condenses directly onto a cold surface_____ is formed. When water vapor comes into contact with a freezing surface, _____ is formed
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dew, frost
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If the density of a matter increases than the _________ also increates.
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pressure (they are directly related)
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what three factors affect daily temperature?
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latitude, altitude, and closeness to large bodies of water
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