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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Definition of photosynthesis |
Process that converts solar energy in chemical energy of carbohydrates |
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What are autotrophs? |
Organisms that do photosynthesis |
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What are heterotrophs? |
Organisms that eat other organisms |
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What kingdom are all autotrophs? |
Plantae |
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What kingdom are all heterotrophs? |
Animalia |
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What kingdom besides animalia are heterotrophs? |
Fungi |
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What allows photosynthetic organisms to capture solar energy? |
Pigments |
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What pigment do most photosynthetic organisms possess that makes them appear green? |
Chlorophyll |
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What common pigment appears orange/yellow? |
Carotenoids |
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Where does photosynthesis occur in plants, unspecifically? |
Green parts, leaves |
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Where does photosynthesis occur in plants, unspecifically? |
Green parts, leaves |
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What are the raw materials of photosynthesis |
Water and CO2 |
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What are the openings in leaves where CO2 passes called? |
Stomata |
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How does water get into plants? |
Taken up by roots and transported by veins |
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How is light energy absorbed in plants? |
By chlorophyll and other pigments in the thylakoids |
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Where in plants, specifically, does photosynthesis happen? |
Chloroplasts |
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What membrane do chloroplasts have? |
Double membrane |
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What are stroma and where are they found? |
Fluid-filled sacs in chloroplasts |
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What is grana? |
Stacks of thylakoids |
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What are the 2 sets of photosynthesis reactions? |
1) light reaction (light dependent) 2) Calvin cycle (light independent) |
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What happens in the light reaction and where does it occur? |
Solar energy is captured, in thylakoid membrane |
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What does Calvin cycle reaction do and where does it occur? |
Converts carbon dioxide to a carbohydrate, in the stroma |
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What part of the electromagnetic spectrum do plants use? |
White or visible light |
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Why do leaves appear green? |
Plants absorb blue violet and red light, not green. Green is reflected |
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What is the order of photo systems in photosynthesis? |
1) photosystem II 2) photosystem I |
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What is split to make electrons that flow to form ATP & NADPH |
H2O slips into H+ and O2 |
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In PS II energy is concentrated in ____. |
Reaction center |
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What happens to electrons in PS II? |
Become energized and move to electron acceptor |
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What does PS I form? |
NADPH |
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Is any NADPH produced in PS I? |
No, only PS II |
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What acts as a reservoir for hydrogen ions? |
Thylakoid space |
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What fuels the Calvin cycle? |
ATP and NADPH from light reactions |
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Definition of Calvin cycle |
Series of reactions that use CO2 from the atmosphere to produce carbohydrates |
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What 3 things does the Calvin cycle include? |
1) carbon dioxide fixation 2) carbon dioxide reduction 3) RuBP production (regeneration) |
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What is the most abundant enzyme on earth? |
RuBP Carboxylase |
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What 3 things can G3P form? |
-glucose -sucrose -starch & cellulose |
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What is C3 photosynthesis for? |
Wheat, rice, oats |
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What is C4 photosynthesis used for? |
Sugarcane and corn |
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What is CAM photosynthesis for? |
Cacti, succulents |
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Which photosynthesis is at night and why? |
CAM, plants that grow in the dessert close stomata during the day to save water |
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What the differences between photosynthesis and cell respiration? |
-both plant and animals carry out cell. Resp., but only plants carry out photosynthesis -cell resp breaks down glucose, photosyn builds it -cell resp uses O2 and gives off CO2, photosyn uses CO2 and gives of O2 |