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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Psychologists typically define emotion in terms of three components. |
True |
|
According to the James–Lange theory of emotion, we experience physiological changes first and then label these changes as an emotion. |
True
|
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In people with an uncommon condition called pure autonomic failure, output from the autonomic nervous system to the body fails, either completely or almost completely. |
True
|
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The limbic system—the forebrain areas surrounding the thalamus—has been regarded as non–critical for emotion. |
False
|
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The right hemisphere seems to be more responsive to emotional stimuli than the left hemisphere. |
True |
|
Prefrontal cortex damage always results in poor decisions. |
False
|
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Most of the vigorous emotional behaviors we observe in animals fall into the categories of attack and escape. |
True |
|
Amygdala damage will result in the complete loss of the startle response. |
False
|
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The amygdala is important only for the expression of fear. |
False
|
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Temporary increases in cortisol can enhance immune function. |
True |
|
Psychologists typically define emotion in terms of the following three components: |
cognitions, feelings, and actions |
|
Which evidence is most detrimental to the James–Lange theory? |
Patients with pure autonomic failure experience emotions. |
|
Which of the following is characterized by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal? |
panic attack |
|
The Behavioral Activation System is associated with: |
low to moderate arousal, tendency to approach new objects, and pleasant mood. |
|
Impulsive behavior and poor decisions are common symptoms of: |
prefrontal damage. |
|
Several studies have found that ________ is particularly enhanced in people with both a genetic predisposition and a troubled early environment. |
violence |
|
The term "serotonin turnover" refers to the amount of serotonin that is: |
released at synapses and resynthesized. |
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According to a number of animal studies, under which of the following conditions is the probability of violent behavior greatest? |
low serotonin turnover |
|
High levels of phenylalanine in the diet impair the synthesis of serotonin because it: |
Competes with an active transport mechanism shared by tryptophan. |
|
According to one hypothesis, if serotonin is released during aggressive behavior, then individuals with low serotonin release are more aggressive because of: |
increased serotonin receptor sensitivity.? |
|
Output from the amygdala to the ________ modifies approach and avoidance responses. |
prefrontal cortex |
|
________ decrease(s) the responses in a rat's brain to the smell of a cat. |
Benzodiazepines |
|
Alcohol decreases anxiety by: |
promoting chloride flow at the GABA–A receptor complex. |
|
Hans Selye's defined stress in terms of: |
the nonspecific response of the body to any demand. |
|
A leukocyte attacks when it finds a cell with foreign: |
antigens |
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Which type of leukocyte destroys tumor cells and cells infected with viruses? |
natural killer cells |
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Information from cytokines is relayed to the brain, specifically to the: |
hypothalamus |
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High cortisol levels increase the likelihood that hippocampal cells will be: |
vulnerable to damage by toxins.
|
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Among people who had been in severe automobile accidents, the ones who develop PTSD are more likely to have: |
a smaller than average hippocampus.
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Which brain area is essential for the extreme emotional impact that produces PTSD? |
amygdala |