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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Development |
The pattern of continuity and change in uman capabilities that occurs throughout the course of life, Including both growth and decline. |
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Nature |
An individual's biological inheritance, especially his or her genes |
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Nurture |
An individual's environmental and social experiences. |
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Resilience |
A person's ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times.
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Prenatal Development |
Germinal Period: weeks 1-2
Embryonic period: weeks 3-8 Fetal period: Months 2-9 |
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Preferential Looking |
A technique that involves giving an infant a choice of what object to look at. |
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Assimilation |
When people incorporate new information into existing knowledge.
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Accommodation |
A person's adjustment of his or her ideas into to new information.
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Sensorimotor stage |
PIAGET's first stage Lasts from birth to about 2 years of age.When infants construct an understanding of the world by coordination sensory experiences with motor actions. |
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Preoperational stage |
PIAGET's second stage From age 2 to age 7. Preoperational thought is more symbolic than sensorimotor thought. Children begin to represent their world with words, images, and drawing. |
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Concrete Operational Stage |
PIAGET's third stage From age 7 to age 11. Children use operations and replace intuitive reasoning with logical reasoning in concrete situations. |
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Formal Operational Stage |
PIAGET's final stage
Age 11 to 15. (continues through adulthood) This stage is more abstract and logical than concrete operational thought. This includes thinking about things that are not concrete like making predictions and using logic to come up with hypotheses about the future. |
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Temperment |
A person's behavioral style and characteristic way of responding. |
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Infant Attachment |
The close emotional bond between an infant and its caregiver. |
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Secure attachment |
Infants use the caregiver, usually the mother, as a secure base from which to explore the environment. |
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Authoritarian Parenting |
BAUMRIND A restrictive punitive style in which the parent exhorts the child to follow the parent's directions and to value hard work and effort. |
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Authoritative Parenting |
BAUMRIND
A parenting style that encourages the child to be independent but that still places limits and control on behavior. |
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Neglectful Parenting |
BAUMRIND A parenting style characterized by a lack of parental involvement in the child's life |
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Permissive parenting |
BAUMRIND A parenting style characterized by the placement of few limits on the child's behavior. |
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Prosocial Behavior |
Behavior that is intended to benefit other people. |
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Puberty
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A period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence |
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Androgens |
The main class of male sex hormones. |
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Estrogens |
The main class of female sex hormones. |
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Identity versus identity confusion
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Erikson's fifth psychological stage in which adolescents face the challenges of finding out who they are, what they are all about, and where they are going in life. |
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Emerging adulthood |
The transitional period from adolescence to adulthood, spanning approximately 18 to 25 years of age. |
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Wisdom |
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life. |
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Libido / Thanatos |
Libido = Life instincts Thanatos = Death Instincts |
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Proxemics |
Social Space |
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Thalamus |
Sensory Switchboard Smell is the only sense that doesn't go through the thalamus. |
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Sensation |
The conversion of physical stimulation of the sense organs into sensory experiences |
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Perception |
The process of meaningful organization of sensations. |
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Cortisol |
The stress hormone |
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Humor |
The mental process that causes laughter |
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Laughter |
The physical action that is a product of humor and reduces stress hormones (Cortisol) |
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Benign Violation Theory |
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Absolute Threshold |
The amount of sound needed to notice that there is a sound at all. |
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Difference Threshold |
The smallest amount of decibel change in sound to notice a difference in the loudness. |
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Phineas Gage |
The guy who lost part of the brain by mining accident. This gave way to the learning of what he frontal lobe does. |
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Lobotomy |
A procedure used to strop aggressiveness by destroying a part of the frontal cortex. However, the process also destroys the personality. |
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Rhodopsin |
The chemical in your rods that helps ou see in the dark. Light bleaches it out & causes that flash when you from dark place to light. Takes 15-20 mins to come back. |
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Ames Illusion |
It seems like the person is getting larger as they walk through it because the room is distorted. |
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Labeling |
Once you get a psychiatric label, everyone views you by the label. |
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Harlow |
Monkeys with warm mother and cold wire mother experiment |
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Mary Ainsworth |
Strange experiment: secure infant is one that gets happy when mom leaves, but happy when she comes back |
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Arnett |
Built upon Erikson's ideas; proposed identity status to describe someone's place in the development of an identity. |
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Baumrind |
Authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and neglectful parenting |
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Frankel |
Wrote "Man's search for meaning". Emphasized that people should active look for their life's meaning |
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Vygotsky |
Recognized cognitive development as an interpersonal process in a cultural context. Conflicted Piaget |