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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Factors to consider when choosing a pet bird
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-cost
-noise -commitment -space -mess and destruction -socialization -zoonosis |
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Pet bird
-commitment factors |
-Time daily
-long term (longevity, bonding, changing homes) |
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Good bird options if you do not have much time daily
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-pair of parrots
-canary/finch |
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Bird cage size
-considerations |
-largest possible size
-shape -bar spacing and size -quality (stainless steel or powder coated wrought iron) -Safety -Maintenance |
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Bird cage
-shape differences for small birds vs. large birds |
-small birds: length
-large birds: height for climbing |
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Bird cage
-safety considerations |
-no toxic materials (lead/zinc)
-no doors, latches, or other parts that can trap bird -sharp edges |
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Bird cage
-maintenance considerations |
-easy to clean (pull out tray)
-stainless steel dishes |
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Perch
-considerations |
-proper size and shape
-varying diameters -near food dishes -different levels -wood/branch/cement |
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Why is perch size and shape important?
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-can lead to pressure sores
|
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Cement perch use
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-beak filing
|
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Bird mess and damage
-considerations |
-messy eating
-chewing on objects -feather dust |
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Problem if the bird is a messy eater
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-can be difficult to diagnose GI disease because you don’t know food consumption
|
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What can be a problem with feather dust?
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-can affect people with respiratory disease
|
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Bird socialization
-considerations |
-owner-bird interaction time
-handling -gender preferences (masturbating birds!) -social birds can be demanding of attention and resort to neurotic behavior (feather picking, damaging) if denied the interaction that they need |
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Birds that bond tightly with their owners
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-cockatoos
-large parrots |
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Birds that don’t bond much with their owners
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-finches
-canaries |
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Bird talking and training
-considerations |
-many parrots chosen for ability to talk
-some species known for mimicry -ability to talk varies with individual -many parrots can be trained to perform various tricks and behaviors |
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Bird toys
-importance |
-enrichment
|
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Bird toys
-considerations |
-toys “designed” for parrots may not be safe
-severe injury and death -right toy size for bird -supervise new toy use |
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Bird toys
-potential dangers |
-toxicity
-entanglement -ingestions Bird toys -toxins -heavy metals (zinc and lead) -dyes and other chemicals -poly vinyl chloride Heavy metals -commonly found in -quick links and chains (zinc) -bell clappers (lead) *look for lead and zinc free labels **go for stainless steel products even though more expensive |
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Bird toys that are normally safe of dyes and other chemicals
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-untreated wood
-wood colored with vegetable based dyes -vegetable-tanned leather products |
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Poly vinyl chloride
-found in what kinds of toys |
-soft plastic
-vinyl |
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Bird toy
-ingestion problems |
-digestive tract irritation
-blockage -perforation Wood: splinter Plastic: soft flimsy plastic easily shredable Bells: clapper can be removed and swallowed Fabric and Fluff: caught in loos threads, ingestion of fluffy material |
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Reasons pet birds are very susceptible to household dangers
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-mall size
-rapid metabolism -sensitive respiratory systems -curiosity (explore everything with their beaks) *need parrot-proofing |
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Birds
-household poisoning |
-wide range of toxic substances can injure or kill via ingestion or inhalation
Teflon, Insecticide, ammonia, bleach, oven cleaner, glue, nail polish remover, paint, perfumes, heavy metals, poisonous plants |
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How does non-stick coating negatively affect birds?
-where is it found? |
-when overheated, the non—stick coating emits fumes that are toxic to birds when inhaled
-non-stick cookware, waffle irons, bread machines, irons, ironing board covers, curling irons, space heaters, blow dryers, etc. |
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Open water
-bird hazards |
-Toilets
-sink -bathtub -bucket -water bowl (dog/cat) -hot water on stove |
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Electrical cord
-bird dangers |
-explore with beaks, may bite exposed cord
|
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Bird electrical cord danger
-prevention |
-keep cords and appliances away from cage
-cover exposed cords with corrugated plastic tubing |
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Ceiling fans
-bird dangers |
-flight
-nervous with things moving above them |
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Windows, doors, mirrors
-dangers to birds |
-may fly into them
-may escape if left open |
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How to decrease risk of birds escaping or injuring themselves on windows, doors, mirrors?
|
-clip wings
|
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Other pets
-danger to birds |
-can attract prey instinct
-can become easily infected if attacked (promptly provide aggressive antibiotic therapy if incident suspected) |
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Air quality
-bird considerations |
-very sensitive to contaminants in air
-aerosols should not be used around birds -cigarette smoke can lead to respiratory disease -carbon monoxide |
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Inappropriate foods for birds
|
-high sugar, salt, fat
-chocolate -caffeine -alcohol -avocado -rhubarb -processed meats and food high in nitrates, nitrites, sulfites, MSG) |
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Avocado
-health effect in birds |
-myocardial toxicity
|
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Nutritionally caused disease in birds commonly due to
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-imbalanced or incomplete diet
|
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Recommended diet for birds
|
-pre-formulated pellets (50-60%)
-fresh foods (greens, sprouted seeds, grains, fruits) -some seeds (10-25%: feed less for larger birds) -specialized diets for some birds (lories, toucans) |
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Bird
-feeding considerations |
-remove freshly prepared foods from cage after a few hrs
-offer new foods early in the morning or in the evening when birds naturally forage in the wild |
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Bird Formulated diets
-advantages |
-grains, seeds, vegetables, fruits fortified with vitamins and minerals
-baked into pallets or other shapes -provide a balanced nutritious diet |
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Bird formulated diet
-disadvantages |
-many birds don’t readily take to eating a formulated diet
-don’t provide variety and stimulation that many birds crave in their diet |
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Bird seeds
-considerations |
-considered junk food
-deficient in nutrients (Vit A and Calcium) -high in fat -preferred over healthier choices -should only be 10% of diet (25% for natural seed eaters) |
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Bird vegetables
-considerations |
-fresh vegetables are good
-not all vegetables are equally nutritious -dark yellow and leafy green vegetables are good -want as much variety as possible |
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Bird fruits
-considerations |
-feed wide variety
-limit to small portion of overall diet -more nutrition in deeply colored fruits -toxicity from pits and seeds |
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Birds
-other food considerations |
-nutritious grains (brown rice, quinoa, wheat, pasta, etc.)
-whole wheat bread and cereal -cooked legumes -small amounts of hard cheese and yogurt (lactose intolerant) -question feeding lean, well-cooked meat and eggs due to cannibalism, salmonella |
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Bird nutrition
-benefits of sprouted seeds |
-good nutrition and greens
-vits, minerals, enzymes, antioxidants |
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Bird vitamin and mineral supplement
-considerations |
-usually not needed if feeding well balanced diet based on formulated food supplemented with a wide variety of home prepared food
-only should be given on the advice of a veterinarian -Vits A&D are toxic -Calcium:Phosphorus imbalance |