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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does limited public funding effect quality of life in Birmingham |
Investments in inner city are slow |
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Why has the city cousin supported redevelopment projects including the Bullring and Grand Central shopping centres |
Because Birmingham’s CBD has declined and so had retailing there |
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Between 2004-2007 where was Birminghams local authority ranked among the West Midlands |
Ranked as the most deprived local authority in the West Midlands |
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How does limited public funding effect quality of life in Birmingham |
Investments in inner city are slow |
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Why might some migrants struggle |
Because they might not have the skills or qualifications for available jobs |
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Where is Birmingham located |
On Birmingham plateau in a prime part of Midlands region |
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What did Birmingham begin as |
A small village, built on a dry point site, south - facing sandstone ridge |
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What does Birmingham have that is very useful being a central English city |
Excellent road links to the North and South |
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What range of transport networks and systems does Birmingham have? |
Birmingham International Airport, Birmingham New Street railway station, easy access to M5, 6, and 42 |
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What population of Birmingham is estimated to have been born outside the UK |
22% |
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Birmingham is one of the leading cities for parks. How many estimated parks does it have |
571 |
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What kind of things does the CBD of Birmingham have |
Offices, shops, theatres and hotels |
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What new building has redevelopment in the city recently brought |
Bullring shopping centre |
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What did redevelopment in the 1980s bring to the inner city of Birmingham |
Tightly packed terraces and blocks of flats |
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When were the suburbs of Birmingham built and what kind of density and housing does it have |
During the 30s, 50s, and 60s, building density is much lower, mainly semi-detached housing |
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What sort of housing and other features does the urban-rural fringe have |
Fewer, larger, more recently built detached houses. Out-of-town shopping centres and industrial units |
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What were the four process that have changed Birmingham as a city |
Urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation, and re-urbanisation |
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How does urbanisation effect a city |
Small housing built for workers coming in from countryside |
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How does suburbanisation change a city |
New estates, mainly semi-detached houses, on the outskirts of the city (1920s) |
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How does counter-urbanisation effect a city |
People forced out of urban areas to places like Redditch |
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How does re-urbanisation effect a city |
Modernisation of flats and building of new apartments near canal. Due to more people wanting to live in centre again, close to work/amenities |
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What is the main reason for national migration out of Birmingham |
Retirement destinations in the south such as Bournemouth |
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What is the main reason for national migration out of Birmingham |
Because increased investment in Birmingham’s CBD has created more employment opportunities |
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What is the main reason for National migration in Birmingham in the past |
Encouraged by the government to fill key job posts due to employment shortages |
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What is the main reason for international migration in to Birmingham currently |
People who have fled conflict in countries such as Syria |
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What is an age impact of migration within Birmingham |
The percentage of people aged 20-30 is higher than UK average |
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What is the impact of multiculturalism within Birmingham on its population |
42% of residents are from ethnic groups other than white; 16% do not have English as a main language |
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What is the impact of ethnic communities within Birmingham |
They have developed within their own areas, usually due to cheaper housing, shops, or religious reasons such as a local mosque |
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What is the impact of housing within Birmingham |
In 2015. It was estimated that the city’s housing demands were higher than expected, rising by and extra 5000 |
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What is the impact of over population on services within Birmingham |
Having more people in the city is putting increased pressure on key services, such as GP surgeries |
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In 2014, what was the population and population increase of Birmingham |
1.1 million, 10% increase in the last ten years |
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Give two figures that show Birmingham having a youthful population |
1.) 13.1% of people living in Birmingham were of pensionable age (lower than national average of 17.6%) 2.) 23% of people are children (19% higher than both regional and national age) |
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Give three reasons for population growth within Birmingham |
Increase in number of births, arise in international migration, and a decline in death rate from improved healthcare |
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Give two ways in which developments in transport led to de-industrialisation in Birmingham |
• increased imports of foreign cars (less demand for production of cars in Birmingham) • in the 1970s a ring Road was built so some factories were removed to make way for route |
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Give an economic impact of developments in transport in Birmingham |
overall these two things affect local economy. This is because it creates unemployment; need to retrain workers |
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How does decentralisation cause de-industrialisation in Birmingham. Give two ways |
• Inner city redeveloped. Old factories demolished to make way for new housing • slow adoption of new technologies. Some industries became less efficient than higher-tech rivals and closed down |
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What do empty old abandoned factories lead to |
Encourage vandalism and are public health risks |
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What is the main reason for economic change in Birmingham |
Decline in manufacturing industry, and lack of investment |
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What is deprivation |
A way of measuring people’s access to general resources and opportunities |
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How much of Birmingham’s population live in areas that are among the most deprived in England |
40% |
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Between 2004-2007 where was Birminghams local authority ranked among the West Midlands |
Ranked as the most deprived local authority in the West Midlands |
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Where is deprivation higher in Birmingham |
Higher in inner city by also exists in suburbs |
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How does an increased population density in the inner city effect quality of life in Birmingham |
Puts a strain on health services |
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How does limited public funding effect quality of life in Birmingham |
Investments in inner city are slow |
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Why might some migrants struggle in the work area |
Because they might not have the skills or qualifications for available jobs |
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What is the problem with the available jobs that don’t need specific skills/qualities |
They are only short-term contracts |
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What’s been the problem with provision of services |
Houses, schools, ext haven’t been kept up with increasing demand |
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During the 1970s/80s what had happened that effected the CBD’s economy |
Shopping malls moved to the edges of Birmingham like Merry Hill |
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Why has the city council supported redevelopment projects including the Bullring and Grand Central shopping centres |
Because Birmingham’s CBD has declined and so had retailing there |
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What advantages do out of town shopping centres have |
Easy parking, cheaper, larger area |
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What was the economical impact of shops like Merry Hill moving to out-of-town locations |
Caused a 12% decline in trade in CBD |
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How has youth unemployment reduced in recent years |
From 12% in 2014 to 9% in 2015 |
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What pledge has the council proposed that aims to provide employment, education, and training for those aged 14-25 |
The Youth Promise pledge |
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What does the city council work closely with schools and universities through |
Birmingham Education Partnership |
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What does the Birmingham Education Partnership do |
Recruit and retain teachers |
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In February 2016, how much money did Birmingham announce that would improve the energy efficiency of homes |
£59 million |
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Which insulation methods will they use to insulate peoples homes |
Installing new windows and more efficient heating systems |
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What will these new energy efficient methods bring to the city and its people |
Lower bills and a lower CO2 level |
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How many new, affordable houses have been built across the city |
1576 |
