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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All of these are uses of GIS. help fight wildfires. plan urban development. monitor flood hazard areas. All of these are uses of GIS. |
All of these are uses of GIS.
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Which of the following most accurately characterizes the goal of geography? a. Memorization of the imports and exports of a country b. Memorization of the names of places on world and regional maps c. The production of maps. d. Understanding why a particular place has unique characteristics. e. The production of maps, memorization of the names of places on world and regional maps and memorization of the imports and exports of a country |
d. Understanding why a particular place has unique characteristics
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Which of the following is an example of a system? a river drainage basin a midlatitude cyclonic storm a leaf All of these are examples of systems. None of these are examples of systems. |
All of these are examples of systems.
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With respect to air, water, and material resources, which of the following is true?
A leaf is an open system in terms of air, but closed in terms of material resources. A leaf is a closed system. A leaf is an open system in terms of water, but closed in terms of energy resources. |
A leaf is an open system. |
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If we burn fossil fuels, which release carbon dioxide and warm the atmosphere, as the oceans warm they will release more carbon dioxide, which warms the atmosphere. This is an example of __________ feedback. If the increased atmospheric carbon dioxide causes increased plant growth which removes carbon dioxide and cools the atmosphere, this is an example of __________ feedback. negative; positive positive; positive positive; negative negative; negative |
positive; negative
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According to the text, the three inorganic (nonliving, abiotic) Earth realms are the atmosphere, geoid, and homosphere. stratosphere, magnetosphere, and troposphere. thermosphere, lithosphere, heterosphere. hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere. |
hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere.
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The realization that the Earth was a sphere was made by Isaac Newton. had to wait until the modern era (1800s). was first made by Pythagoras, 580500 B.C. did not occur in Europe until the first voyages of Columbus |
was first made by Pythagoras, 580500 B.C. did not occur in Europe until the first voyages of Columbus
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Which of the following statements about Earth is correct? It is elongated. The Earth is the second largest planet in the solar system. The Earth is perfectly spherical. The equatorial diameter is 42 km (26 mi.) greater than the polar diameter. |
The equatorial diameter is 42 km (26 mi.) greater than the polar diameter
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The oblateness of the Earth occurs at the prime meridian. equator. poles. subtropics |
poles
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The diameter of Earth is largest when measured around the prime meridian. poles. subtropics. equator |
equator
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An angular distance measured north or south of the equator from the center of Earth is termed latitude. longitude. zenith. Greenwich distance. |
latitude
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An angular distance measured east or west of a prime meridian from the center of Earth is termed longitude. zenith. Greenwich distance. latitude |
longitude
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The meridian opposite of Earth's prime meridian (0° longitude) is called the antimeridian. the equator. the International Date Line. secondary meridian |
international date line
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If you were standing at 60° north latitude you would be within which latitudinal geographic zone? antarctic subarctic midlatitude subantarctic subtropical |
subarctic
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If City A is located west of City B, the time at City A is __________ than that at City B because the earth rotates from __________ when viewed from above the North Pole. earlier; east to west (i.e., clockwise) earlier; west to east(i.e., counterclockwise) later; east to west (i.e., clockwise) later; west to east (i.e., counterclockwise) |
earlier; west to east(i.e., counterclockwise)
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If a clock on a ship indicates that it is 2:00 P.M. in its home port, while another clock on the ship indicates that it is 12:00 noon at the ship's present location, what is the difference in longitude between the ship's position and its home port? The ship is 2° west of its home port. The ship is 30° east of its home port. The ship is 45° west of its home port. The ship is 30° west of its home port. The ship is 2° east of its home port |
The ship is 30° east of its home port. (1 hr = 15 degrees) (4 min = 1 degree) |
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A great circle is any parallel of latitude. a circle of circumference whose center coincides with the center of Earth. the longest distance between two places on the surface of the Earth. a correct magnetic compass direction on a flat map. |
a circle of circumference whose center coincides with the center of Earth.
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The scale of a map can be expressed by which of the following? graphic scale written scale representative fraction All of these are correct. None of these is correct. |
All these are correct
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A map scale of 1:24,000 means that one inch on the map equals 24,000 inches on the ground. one foot on the map equals 24,000 feet on the earth. one centimeter on the map equals 24,000 centimeters on the ground. all of the above none of the above |
all the above
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Which of the following is not a class of map projection? planar cylindrical geometrical conical |
geometrical
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Which of the following is false? The Sun produces energy through fusion. The Sun is by far the largest star in the Milky Way Galaxy. The Sun is average in color, temperature, and size when compared to other stars. The planets orbit the Sun, and the Sun and Solar System are part of the Milky Way Galaxy. |
The Sun is by far the largest star in the Milky Way Galaxy.
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The planets in the solar system are believed to have formed as a result of a process known as __________ which is caused by __________. fission; gravity accretion; gravity fusion; gravity accretion; centrifugal acceleration; centrifugal force |
accretion;gravity |
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Light travels at a speed of approximately 300,000 kilometers per second (186,333 miles per second). 300,000 kilometers per hour (186,336 mph). 80,500 kilometers per hour (50,000 mph). 1,000,000,000 kilometers per second (621,118,012 miles per second). |
300,000 kilometers per second (186,333 miles per second).
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Which of the following accurately describes Earth's distance from the sun? The earth is closer to the sun in January (perihelion) and farther away in July (aphelion). It takes light an average of 8 minutes and 20 seconds to travel from the sun to the earth. The earthsun distance averages 150 million kilometers (93 million miles). All of these are correct |
all of these are correct
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Which of the following is true of Earth's orbit about the Sun? It is elliptical. It is perfectly circular. It takes approximately the same time for the earth to orbit the sun as it does for the rest of the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun. The orbit does not vary over millions of years. It is elliptical. It takes approximately the same time for the earth to orbit the sun as it does for the rest of the planets in the solar system to orbit the sun. |
It is elliptical
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The Sun produces which of the following? only solar wind only radiant energy that is beneficial to life mainly ultraviolet and Xrays mainly visible light and infrared energy |
mainly visible light and infrared energy
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A magnetic disturbance on the Sun's surface is called a magnetospheric cyclone. a sunspot. the electromagnetic spectrum. the solar wind. |
a sunspot
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The auroras in the upper atmosphere are caused by AM radio broadcasts. the interaction of the solar wind and atmospheric gases. the interaction of electromagnetic energy with atmospheric gases. various weather phenomena. |
the interaction of the solar wind and atmospheric gases.
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Which of the following have been correlated with sunspot cycles? abnormally wet years droughts abnormally wet years and droughts none of the above |
abnormally wet years and droughts
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The two main portions of the solar spectrum which enter the atmosphere are infrared and gamma rays. visible and infrared energy. ultraviolet and visible light. Xrays and visible light. |
visible and infrared energy
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Intercepted solar radiation is called solar wind. insolation. solar constant. thermosphere. |
insolation
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The uneven distribution of insolation by latitude is primarily a result of Earth's sphericity, which presents varied angles to parallel solar rays. variation in the value of a watt. variability in the Sun's output. the changing distance of Earth from the Sun. |
Earth's sphericity, which presents varied angles to parallel solar rays
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What is the name of the location on the surface of the earth that receives insolation when the sun is directly overhead? (When this occurs, the sun's rays are perpendicular to this surface.) solar point North Polar point azimuth subsolar point |
subsolar point
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On the northern hemisphere's summer solstice, the north polar region receives __________ daily insolation than areas nearer the equator because __________. less; the sun does not rise less; the sun does not rise more; the sun is higher in the sky more; the sun does not set |
more; the sun does not set
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Which of the following cannot be attributed to the effects of the Earth's rotation? daylength deflection of the winds deflection of the ocean currents seasons rise and fall of tides |
seasons
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Which of the following is true regarding Earth's axis? The axis is tilted 23.5° from a perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic. Axial tilt is unrelated to the phenomenon of seasonal change. The amount of axial tilt fluctuates during the year and forms the basis for seasonal changes. The axis remains parallel to the plane of the ecliptic |
The axis is tilted 23.5° from a perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic.
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On June 21, the sun never sets at John's location. Based on this, it can be concluded that John lives between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle. between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle. below the Antarctic Circle. above the Arctic Circle. |
above the arctic circle
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Which of the following characterizes the Earth's revolution? It determines the timing of seasons and length of the year. It takes approximately 24 hours. It is clockwise when viewed from above the North Pole. It is responsible for creating the circle of illumination, and hence, day/night relationships. |
it determines the timing of seasons
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The Tropic of Cancer refers to the location of the subsolar point on September 22. the parallel that occurs at 23.5° south latitude. the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year. 0° latitude when the Sun crosses the equator. |
the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year
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The longest days of the year in the Northern Hemisphere are experienced during the time that the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer. time of 24hour days at the South Pole. autumnal equinox. vernal equinox. |
time that the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer
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Which is not true of Earth's atmosphere? It protects us from deadly UV radiation, yet lets light through. The principle substance is air, a mixture of many gases that behaves like a single gas. It is the sum of all the exhalations and inhalations of life on Earth. We consider the top of the atmosphere to be 32,000 km (20,000 mi.) from Earth. Its temperatures range from 90°C (130°F) degrees to 1200°C (2200°F) |
We consider the top of the atmosphere to be 32,000 km (20,000 mi.) from Earth.
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Life is possible on Earth primarily because variable gases of all types exist in the atmosphere. gamma rays and Xrays reach the surface. ultraviolet radiation reaches the surface. the ozonosphere and ionosphere shield the surface from harmful radiation. |
the ozonosphere and ionosphere shield the surface from harmful radiation.
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Based on composition, the atmosphere is divided into one continuous region. two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun. the troposphere and the stratosphere. two broad classifications: homosphere and heterosphere. |
two broad classifications: homosphere and heterosphere.
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Based on temperature, the atmosphere is divided into two broad regions. nitrogen, oxygen, argon. four regions: ranging from the troposphere to the thermosphere. two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun. |
four regions: ranging from the troposphere to the thermosphere.
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Based on function, the atmosphere has five regions beginning with the outermost thermosphere. the troposphere and the stratosphere. one continuous region. two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun. |
two functional areas that absorb radiation from the Sun.
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The heterosphere is the layer of the atmosphere in which the gases are __________ because of __________. poorly mixed; thermal motions (i.e., convection) well mixed; thermal motions (i.e., convection) well mixed; the influence of gravity which causes gases of different weight to diffuse randomlypoorly mixed; the influence of gravity which causes gases of different weight to separate into layers |
poorly mixed; the influence of gravity which causes gases of different weight to separate into layers
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The thermopause is located approximately 480 km (300 mi.) above Earth's surface. at the bottom of the homosphere. between the mesosphere and the thermosphere. wherever 90°C (130°F) is recorded. |
approximately 480 km (300 mi.) above Earth's surface.
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Which of the following is true of the ionosphere? All radio signals pass through this region virtually unaffected. The region principally absorbs gamma rays, Xrays, and interacts with the solar wind. It primarily absorbs harmful infrared wavelengths. It is being depleted through interactions with humanproduced chlorofluorocarbons. |
The region principally absorbs gamma rays, Xrays, and interacts with the solar wind.
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Which of the following lists the correct sequence of gases, from most to least, in terms of percentage within the homosphere? oxygen, nitrogen, neon, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide oxygen, ozone, nitrogen, PAN, carbon dioxide nitrogen, argon, oxygen, xenon, carbon dioxide nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, trace gases |
nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, trace gases
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The ozonosphere is critical to life because it produces the auroras. absorbs most ultraviolet wavelengths. affects temperatures. absorbs visible light wavelengths |
absorbs most ultraviolet wavelengths.
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Which of the gases listed below has accumulated in the atmosphere as a result of biological processes? oxygen nitrogen argon water vapor |
oxygen
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Temperatures increase with increasing altitude in what two atmospheric layers? stratosphere and mesosphere troposphere and mesosphere stratosphere and thermosphere troposphere and stratosphere |
stratosphere and thermosphere
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Temperatures decrease with increasing altitude in what two atmospheric layers? troposphere and stratosphere stratosphere and thermosphere stratosphere and mesosphere troposphere and mesosphere None of the above temperature decreases with increasing altitude in all layers of the atmosphere |
troposphere and mesosphere
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The highest temperatures in the atmosphere occur in the __________ because __________. stratosphere; methane is such an effective greenhouse gas troposphere; infrared radiation from the ground heats this layer more than any other layer thermosphere; carbon dioxide has accumulated to very high levels in this layer mesosphere; high intensity solar radiation causes strong chemical reactions with ozone, and this heats the layer to very high temperatures. thermosphere; it is in direct contact with high energy solar radiation |
thermosphere; it is in direct contact with high energy solar radiation
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Weather is confined to the troposphere because solar radiation does not heat other layers of the atmosphere. the temperature of the stratosphere prevents tropospheric air from rising into it. terrestrial radiation provides no heat whatsoever to the other layers of the atmosphere. cold air sinks from the stratosphere into the troposphere |
the temperature of the stratosphere prevents tropospheric air from rising into it.
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Sources of natural variable gases and materials include all of the following except industrial activity. volcanoes. forest fires. plants and decaying plants. |
industrial activity
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The reaction of automobile exhaust and ultraviolet light forms smoke and fog. is affecting the stratospheric ozone concentration. produces industrial smog. produces photochemical smog. |
produces photochemical smog.
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What three pollutants react in the presence of sunlight to produce ozone? particulates, carbon monoxide, and water vapor nitrogen dioxide, particulates, and water vapor hydrocarbons, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide sulfur oxides, lead, and carbon monoxide |
hydrocarbons, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide
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What two pollutants react with water to produce acid rain? sulfur oxides and ozone nitrogen oxides and ozone sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides sulfur oxides and PAN |
sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
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Which of the following is a consequence of acid rain? A. changes in soil chemistry B. damage to aquatic ecosystems (rivers and lakes) C. the dying of forests D. All of the above. |
all the above
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